{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='France and Rwanda agree to restore diplomatic ties' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c31bd8eafeecae15ecad' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c31bd8eafeecae15ecad' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nFrance and Rwanda agree to restore diplomatic ties\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003e1. French Foreign Minister Bernard Kouchner2. SOUNDBITE: (French) Bernard Kouchner, French Foreign Minister: \"We've tried to replace our misunderstandings, the weight of the massacres - by (constructive) projects between the two...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003e1. French Foreign Minister Bernard Kouchner\u003cbr/\u003e2. SOUNDBITE: (French) Bernard Kouchner, French Foreign Minister: \u003cbr/\u003e\"We've tried to replace our misunderstandings, the weight of the massacres - by (constructive) projects between the two countries. It's normal to have relationships with African countries. The situation was abnormal and we, with President Sarkozy, President Kagame - both of them, re-established normality. We are of course going to dispatch diplomats again.\"     \u003cbr/\u003e3. Cutaway\u003cbr/\u003e4. SOUNDBITE: (French) Bernard Kouchner, French Foreign Minister:\u003cbr/\u003e\"No concessions, the necessity, absolute necessity to have an open relationship in order to clarify all that. Justice and politics are separate, as you know, between judicial powers and political powers. No concessions our end. There are judicial proceedings underway from the side of the international community and from the French justice itself against a certain number of people suspected to have participated in the genocide. That had nothing to do with the decision to re-establish diplomatic ties. No concessions were made. As if we could, and that was an error, influence international justice that we've helped to create.\" \u003cbr/\u003e5. Cutaway\u003cbr/\u003e6. SOUNDBITE: (English) Bernard Kouchner, French Foreign Minister:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The necessity to reopen normal relations with Rwanda, it was the country of normal, and also of course the way we talked to each other since more than two years, two years and half. Of course the weight of history, the memory of genocide and the necessity to reopen our common activities on development, on, of course teaching, French etc, all the normal relations between two countries, nations.\"\u003cbr/\u003e7. Various of Kouchner\u003cbr/\u003eFrance and Rwanda have agreed to restore diplomatic ties, the French government said in Paris on Sunday, three years after relations were severed when a Paris judge accused Rwandan President Paul Kagame of ordering his predecessor's assassination.\u003cbr/\u003ePresident Nicolas Sarkozy's chief of staff, Claude Gueant, had discussions with Kagame in Rwanda's capital on Sunday.\u003cbr/\u003eAfterward, Sarkozy and Kagame \"decided to re-establish diplomatic relations,\" a statement from the president's office said. \u003cbr/\u003eRwanda's foreign minister confirmed the move.\u003cbr/\u003eFrance and Rwanda have frequently sparred over the 1994 genocide in the African country. \u003cbr/\u003eBut tensions peaked in November 2006, when Rwanda cut off diplomatic relations with France, furious about a French probe into late former Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana's assassination - a probe that led to French efforts to arrest officials close to Kagame.\u003cbr/\u003eThat sensitive case still has not been resolved. \u003cbr/\u003eFrance insists that its justice system is completely independent and that the case did not figure in the negotiations leading to restored ties. \u003cbr/\u003eRosemary Museminali, Rwanda's minister of foreign affairs, said officials in her country \"look to working out in due course all outstanding issues based on mutual understanding.\"\u003cbr/\u003eRwanda's genocide began hours after a plane carrying Habyarimana was shot down as it approached the capital, Kigali, on April 6, 1994. \u003cbr/\u003eAbout 500,000 people, mostly ethnic Tutsis, were massacred in 100 days of frenzied killing led by radical Hutus. \u003cbr/\u003eThe killing was only stopped after Kagame and the Tutsi army subdued the country.\u003cbr/\u003eFrench Foreign Minister Bernard Kouchner said the genocide \"will remain in our memories,\" and that France would not forget the victims.\u003cbr/\u003eKouchner - who visited Rwanda several times during the genocide in his role as a founder of Medecins sans Frontieres, or Doctors without Borders - said France would reopen its embassy in Rwanda and send diplomats and cultural envoys.\u003cbr/\u003e\"We are going to try to replace misunderstandings, and the weight of the massacres, with projects between the two countries,\" he said.\u003cbr/\u003eIn 2006, prominent former French investigating judge Jean-Louis Bruguiere - who investigated the downing of Habyarimana's plane because the crew was French - accused Kagame of ordering the assassination. \u003cbr/\u003eHe also accused nine other ranking Rwandans of plotting the attack.\u003cbr/\u003eFrance grants immunity to acting heads of state, preventing judicial authorities from seeking Kagame. \u003cbr/\u003eThe others were sought via international warrants, and one of them was arrested last year.\u003cbr/\u003eIn another sensitive issue, Rwanda has maintained that French soldiers in the country in 1994 bore 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