{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Seed bank has collected 10 percent of world\u0026#39;s rarest wild plants ++EMBARGOED++' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c2f5d8eafeecae15da80' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c2f5d8eafeecae15da80' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nSeed bank has collected 10 percent of world\u0026#39;s rarest wild plants ++EMBARGOED++\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eKew Gardens, London, 2 October 20091. Mid shot Kew Greenhouse seen from across lake2. Mid shot of Greenhouse3. Mid shot path and trees4. Wide shot man taking photos of flowers5. Various of plants and flowers6. Mid shot cacti7. Wide shot...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eKew Gardens, London, 2 October 2009\u003cbr/\u003e1. Mid shot Kew Greenhouse seen from across lake\u003cbr/\u003e2. Mid shot of Greenhouse\u003cbr/\u003e3. Mid shot path and trees\u003cbr/\u003e4. Wide shot man taking photos of flowers\u003cbr/\u003e5. Various of plants and flowers\u003cbr/\u003e6. Mid shot cacti\u003cbr/\u003e7. Wide shot banners saying Happy 250th birthday Kew Gardens\u003cbr/\u003eMillennium Seed Bank, West Sussex, 5 October 2009\u003cbr/\u003e8. Mid shot person entering freezer\u003cbr/\u003e9. Various of jars of seeds in freezer\u003cbr/\u003e10. Various plants in tropical greenhouse including Leuca Spermum grown from 200-year-old seeds that had been stored in the Tower of London\u003cbr/\u003e11. Set up of Paul Smith, Head of Millennium Seed Bank Project\u003cbr/\u003e12. Close up of leuca spermum, grown from seeds found in the Tower of London\u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE (English) Paul Smith, Head of Millennium Seed Bank Project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"It's impossible to over emphasise the power of the Seed Bank. This is the largest seed bank in the world, it contains more plant diversity than any other seed bank on the planet. It has within it nearly 30,000 species here, approaching two billion seeds, and they have all of the potential that we need going into the future.\"\u003cbr/\u003e14. Various crates of packets of seeds which have been sent from countries from all over the world\u003cbr/\u003e15. Botanist looking through packages\u003cbr/\u003e16. Botanist opening packet and pouring seeds into tray\u003cbr/\u003e17. Close up of screen showing enlarged picture of seeds (this is used to detect quality of seeds.)\u003cbr/\u003e18. Botanist looking at computer\u003cbr/\u003e19. SOUNDBITE (English) Paul Smith, Head of Millennium Seed Bank Project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We don't just bank the seeds and leave them there for a rainy day or for Armageddon. We test and work on every single collection that comes into the bank, and that means learning how to germinate the seeds for one thing, because for most of these wild species nobody has germinated them before. We are learning about that and carried out more than 14,000 germination tests a year and the results go onto our Web site so that people can use them to grow those plants successfully.\"\u003cbr/\u003e20. Botanists looking through microscopes\u003cbr/\u003e21. Close up of seeds on plate under microscope\u003cbr/\u003e22. Botanist looking through microscope and cutting coat off seeds\u003cbr/\u003e23. Various of jars\u003cbr/\u003e24. Jars of seeds in freezer\u003cbr/\u003eKew Gardens, 2 October 2009\u003cbr/\u003e25. Set up shot of Professor Stephen Hopper, director of Kew Gardens\u003cbr/\u003e26. SOUNDBITE (English) Professor Stephen Hopper, Director of Kew Gardens:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Consequently about a third of the plants on the planet are estimated to be threatened. And there's a small but growing list of presumed extinct plants on the planet, some of which only survive in the seed banks or in collections in botanic gardens. The power of the seed bank is that it will enable us to put back some of these things that have been depleted or have gone extinct.\"\u003cbr/\u003e27. Mid shot flowers\u003cbr/\u003e28. Sign saying \"Plants for food\"\u003cbr/\u003e29. SOUNDBITE (English) Professor Stephen Hopper, Director of Kew Gardens: \u003cbr/\u003e\"So we are for the first time in a major way looking at food crises in parts of the world. Can we use the seed with our partner countries in a way that will help diversify the foods that are available. People, particularly when climate is changing and conventional crops fail, can we use seeds and growing plants to diversify the food regime that people in many countries have?. Can we use seed for the wonderful array of medicines that they offer?\"\u003cbr/\u003eWest Sussex, 5 October 2009\u003cbr/\u003e30. Various of seeds in seed bank\u003cbr/\u003eA third of the world's wild plants are in danger of extinction.\u003cbr/\u003eIn an effort to save these plants for future use, the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, London, announced today (15 OCTOBER 2009) that it has collected 10 per cent of the world's rarest wild plants.\u003cbr/\u003eThe world's most ambitious conservation project has collected 300-thousand seeds so far as part of the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Royal Botanic Gardens, at Kew in West London is renowned for its collection of plants from around the world.\u003cbr/\u003eNow Kew is working with 54 countries to ensure endangered and rare plant species are conserved for the future.\u003cbr/\u003e10 years after it launched its Millennium Seed Bank Partnership, Kew has banked 10 per cent of the world's most endangered and useful plants.\u003cbr/\u003eThe aim is to provide an insurance policy against extinction and to give options for alternative uses.\u003cbr/\u003eKew has warned that a third of the world's wild plants are in danger of extinction due to over exploitation of land and climate change.\u003cbr/\u003eIt is providing finance and expertise to help individual countries collect seeds and set up and run their own seed banks.\u003cbr/\u003eMany countries, such as China, are now self-funding.\u003cbr/\u003eBut all seeds are replicated in Kew's Millennium Seed Bank at Wakehurst Place in West Sussex, thus providing an insurance against extinction.\u003cbr/\u003ePlants in this tropical greenhouse are all endangered and have been grown from seeds stored at Wakehurst Place.\u003cbr/\u003eOne of the plants here, leuca spermum, has been grown from 200-year-old seeds that had been stored in the Tower of London.\u003cbr/\u003ePaul Smith is the head of the Millennium Seed Bank Project.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says the Seed Bank is extremely important.\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is the largest seed bank in the world, it contains more plant diversity than any other seed bank on the planet.  It has within it nearly 30-thousand species, approaching two billion seeds, and they have all the potential that we need going into the future. We may need to use new tree species. We only have detailed knowledge of about a hundred tree species. We have 60-thousand out there in the wild that we are likely to need in the future. And the seed bank gives us options to use those species,\" explains Smith.\u003cbr/\u003eEvery day brown envelopes of seeds arrive by post.\u003cbr/\u003eBefore going into the seed bank they need to be dried out in special rooms with temperatures of 15 degrees Celsius and humidity at 15 per cent.\u003cbr/\u003eThen, they are checked to ensure quality before they are stored at temperatures of minus 20 degrees.\u003cbr/\u003eOnce they are in the freezer, tests are continuously carried out to find the best ways of germinating the seeds.\u003cbr/\u003ePaul Smith says that they are learning more and more about the plants that they have in the seed bank.  \u003cbr/\u003e\"We don't just bank the seeds and leave them there for a rainy day or Armageddon. We test and work on every single collection that comes into the bank, and that means learning how to germinate the seeds for one thing because for most of these wild species nobody has germinated them before. We are learning about that and carried out more than 14-thousand germinations a year and the results go onto our website so that people can use them to grow those plants successfully,\" he says.\u003cbr/\u003eSome seeds respond well if their shells are removed, others in water or even with smoke.\u003cbr/\u003eThe collection focuses on the three Es: Economically important plants; endemic plants - found in one small area - and endangered plants threatened with extinction. \u003cbr/\u003eRecent projects carried out with stored seeds include counteracting salination of agricultural lands in Australia, developing drought resistant plants in Pakistan and Egypt and developing crops with improved yields in the USA.\u003cbr/\u003eKew Gardens director Professor Stephen Hopper says that a third of the plants on the planet are estimated to be threatened. \u003cbr/\u003e\"There's a small but growing list of presumed extinct plants on the planet, some of which only survive in seed banks or in collections in botanic gardens. The power of the seed bank is that it will enable us to put back some of these things that have been depleted or have gone extinct,\" he explains.\u003cbr/\u003eThe next phase involves collecting a further 15 per cent of the world's wild species.\u003cbr/\u003eThe focus is to look at ways of using the seeds for human welfare, particularly for medicines and food use.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd with the pressing issues of climate change, there is a need to look at unconventional food sources.  \u003cbr/\u003eHopper says that they are checking whether they can use the seed with their partner countries in a way that will help diversify the foods that are available.  \u003cbr/\u003e\"People, particularly when climate is changing and conventional crops fail, can we use seeds and growing plants to diversify the food regime in many countries have?. Can we use seed for the wonderful array of medicines that they offer?,\" he says.\u003cbr/\u003eBy 2020 Kew's Millennium Partnership aims to have collected and carried out research on 75-thousand plants, many of these providing food or medicines for the future.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv 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