{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Focus on negative election campaigning' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c2c9d8eafeecae15c52b' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c2c9d8eafeecae15c52b' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nFocus on negative election campaigning\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP Television Washington, DC - 1 November 20061. National flag flying over US Capitol building2. Wider shot of US Capitol Political Advert - Santorum 20063. Shot of Republican Senator Rick Santorum's family during campaign ad  4. Shots...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eWashington, DC - 1 November 2006\u003cbr/\u003e1. National flag flying over US Capitol building\u003cbr/\u003e2. Wider shot of US Capitol \u003cbr/\u003ePolitical Advert - Santorum 2006\u003cbr/\u003e3. Shot of Republican Senator Rick Santorum's family during campaign ad  \u003cbr/\u003e4. Shots of Pennsylvania Democratic candidate, Bob Casey, next to North Korean leader Kim Jong Il\u003cbr/\u003e5. Casey next to Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad\u003cbr/\u003ePolitical Advert - Centre for Responsive Politics \u003cbr/\u003e5. Various quick shots of Virginia Senator George Allen during Democratic anti-Allen campaign advert \u003cbr/\u003ePolitical Advert - Paul R. Nelson for Congress \u003cbr/\u003e6. Campaign advert showing alleged Vietnamese prostitutes and an \"Asian Gals Massage\" parlour\u003cbr/\u003e7. Various quick shots of elderly men during campaign commercial\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eWashington, DC - 1 November 2006\u003cbr/\u003e8. SOUNDBITE: (English) Carroll Doherty, Pollster, Pew Research Centre\u003cbr/\u003e\"Negative ads do seem to work, I mean they seem to help define the opposition. There have been studies that show people are more attentive to negative ads than they are to positive ones, but I think there is a risk of crossing the line. A few of the ads this year, apparently in the view of some, have crossed the line and had to be taken down.\"\u003cbr/\u003ePolitical Advert - Republican National Committee \u003cbr/\u003e9. Quick shots of people talking about Tennessee Democratic Senate candidate Harold Ford during an anti-Ford campaign commercial\u003cbr/\u003e10. UPSOUND: Bare-shouldered blond woman says \"I met Harold at the Playboy party...Harold, call me.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eFILE: Nashville, Tennessee - 29 October 2006\u003cbr/\u003e11. Various shots of Democrat Harold Ford shaking hands at an indoor campaign event\u003cbr/\u003e12. Various shots of Republican Bob Corker shaking hands outside a football stadium\u003cbr/\u003ePolitical Advert - Republican National Committee\u003cbr/\u003e13. Tennessee Democratic Senate Candidate Harold Ford next to words \"Slick\" and \"Smooth\" and \"But his record a little shaky.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eFILE: Quakertown, Pennsylvania - 22 October 2006\u003cbr/\u003e14. Senator Rick Santorum shaking hands during a campaign stop \u003cbr/\u003e15. Woman taking a photograph of Santorum\u003cbr/\u003e16. Santorum waving to crowd \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eWashington, DC - 1 November 2006\u003cbr/\u003e17. SOUNDBITE: (English) Leonard Steinhorn, Political Media Analyst, American University\u003cbr/\u003e\"Negativity can do two things - it can charge up the base, so it gets your base out to vote, but it can also keep people in the middle from voting, who say uh, this is all sickening, they're all bad, I don't want to deal with it.  The Republican Party has a very particular need to go negative now because if independents seem to be leaning Democrat, as the polls seem to indicate, then your goal is to drive those people down in their turnout to keep them from voting.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eFILE: York, Pennsylvania - 19 October 2006\u003cbr/\u003e18. Various interiors of diner\u003cbr/\u003e19. SOUNDBITE: (English) Al Bittner, Voter\u003cbr/\u003e\"I would like to see both candidates step up and say what they're going to do and how they're going to fix things or move forward, as opposed to saying, 'well so and so did this,' and then having the back and forth ads. That really gets to me.\"\u003cbr/\u003e20. SOUNDBITE: (English) Bill Foubrook, Voter\u003cbr/\u003e\"I'm so disgusted with it now, I've become very cynical.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eFILE: Nashville, Tennessee - 29 October 2006\u003cbr/\u003e21. People walking down street\u003cbr/\u003ePolitical Advert - Republican National Committee \u003cbr/\u003e22. Republican ad showing Osama bin Laden speaking over a ticking time bomb\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eWashington, DC - 1 November 2006\u003cbr/\u003e23. Wide shot of US Capitol building\u003cbr/\u003eWith just days to go before the US midterm elections and control of Congress hanging in the balance, candidates have come out swinging, in what many are calling the most negative American election campaign in recent times.\u003cbr/\u003eJust take a look at some of the campaign adverts currently airing.\u003cbr/\u003eIn Pennsylvania, Democratic Senate candidate Bob Casey is depicted side by side with the leaders of North Korea and Iran.\u003cbr/\u003eAn advert running in Virginia accuses Republican candidate George Allen of racism.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd then there's the ad from a Wisconsin House race, alleging Democratic Congressman Ron Kind is interested in the masturbation habits of elderly men. \u003cbr/\u003eThose are just the beginning.\u003cbr/\u003eThe reason behind the flood of nasty ads? Political analysts say going negative works.  \u003cbr/\u003eBut they warn, when those ads get too negative, candidates run the risk of crossing the line.\u003cbr/\u003eTake the GOP (Republican) ad in the extremely tight Tennessee Senate race, for example.\u003cbr/\u003eA scantily-clad blonde says she met Democratic candidate - and current congressman - African-American Harold Ford at a Playboy party.\u003cbr/\u003eHowever, Ford attended a Playboy-sponsored Superbowl function. \u003cbr/\u003eCritics denounced the ad, which is no longer running, for having racist overtones.\u003cbr/\u003eSo far this election cycle, the political parties have spent nearly $160 (m) million US dollars in negative advertising.\u003cbr/\u003eThe amount spent on positive ads, a mere $17 (m) million US dollars. \u003cbr/\u003eThat's nearly one dollar of nice for every ten dollars of nasty.\u003cbr/\u003eBoth parties are airing the attacks, but independent studies of the ads show Republicans have the negative edge.\u003cbr/\u003eAnalysts say it's all part of a strategy to rally the GOP base, while keeping more moderate, swing voters - those who might tend to lean democratic this election - at home.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd if the mood at one Pennsylvania diner is any indication, that strategy could be working.\u003cbr/\u003eBetween four close congressional races and a high profile Senate race, voters in the Keystone State have been pounded with negative ads for weeks.\u003cbr/\u003eNow, they say, they're fed up.\u003cbr/\u003eWhether the negative campaign ads really will drive down voter turnout this year is unclear.\u003cbr/\u003eBut since strategists say the negative tone is most effective in the final days before the election, one thing is clear: the nasty ads aren't likely to let up - at least not before next Tuesday.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more 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