{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Climate change theatens Masaai herders' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c23ad8eafeecae15822b' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c23ad8eafeecae15822b' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nClimate change theatens Masaai herders\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eMagadi - 8 September 20081. Pan of sunrise2. Wide of sun rising over the Magadi plains3. Long angle shot of Maasai boy running with containers of fresh milk4. Maasai boy running5. Wide of Maasai boy approaching early morning milk...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eMagadi - 8 September 2008\u003cbr/\u003e1. Pan of sunrise\u003cbr/\u003e2. Wide of sun rising over the Magadi plains\u003cbr/\u003e3. Long angle shot of Maasai boy running with containers of fresh milk\u003cbr/\u003e4. Maasai boy running\u003cbr/\u003e5. Wide of Maasai boy approaching early morning milk market\u003cbr/\u003e6. Maasai lady transferring milk from gourd into container\u003cbr/\u003e7. Pan of Maasai women chatting\u003cbr/\u003e8. Wide of customer paying for fresh milk collected\u003cbr/\u003e9. Close up of customer being handed his change as Maasai lady walks away\u003cbr/\u003e10. Customer carrying containers of purchased milk\u003cbr/\u003e11. Customer loading containers into his vehicle\u003cbr/\u003e12. Customer driving away\u003cbr/\u003e13. Wide of cattle herder Olemodwa Keroiya walking through dry lands\u003cbr/\u003e14. Close of Keroiya walking as he holds his herding stick\u003cbr/\u003e15. Keroiya's feet as he walks\u003cbr/\u003e16. SOUNDBITE: (Swahili) Olemodwa Keroiya, cattle herder:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I remember when the grass was very tall. I could not be seen when taking a nap on the ground, and if a cow gave birth, the calf survived. But now, there is no grass, there is no water, no rain and the drought is increasing. We are forced to take cows far away for pasture.\"\u003cbr/\u003e17. Wide of Keroiya and his family walking home\u003cbr/\u003e18. Keroiya and family walking home\u003cbr/\u003e19. Keroiya and family arriving home\u003cbr/\u003eNairobi - 10 September 2008\u003cbr/\u003e20. Pan of Nairobi city\u003cbr/\u003e21. Vehicles on road\u003cbr/\u003e22. Cattle herder Oyiamti Olemudwa preparing to cross the road with his cattle\u003cbr/\u003e23. Wide of Olemudwa guiding his cattle across the road\u003cbr/\u003e24. Close up of cattle's clogs as they walk\u003cbr/\u003e25. Cattle grazing\u003cbr/\u003e26. Olemudwa walking towards his cattle\u003cbr/\u003e27. SOUNDBITE: (Swahili) Oyiamti Olemudwa, cattle herder:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I came to Nairobi to look for grass for my cattle because there is no grass back home. And even here in the city outskirts the grass is getting finished and we are now forced to take the cows in the middle of the city.\"\u003cbr/\u003e28. Tilt up from garbage to cows rummaging through garbage\u003cbr/\u003e29. Tilt up of cow rummaging through garbage and eating\u003cbr/\u003e30. Pan of cattle feeding on garbage\u003cbr/\u003e31. Tilt up of Olemudwa looking over his cattle\u003cbr/\u003eNairobi - 11 September 2008\u003cbr/\u003e32. Wide of United Nations Environment Programme Spokesperson Nick Nuttal\u003cbr/\u003e33. Nuttal walking towards camera\u003cbr/\u003e34. SOUNDBITE: (English) Nick Nuttal, United Nations Environment Programme Spokesperson:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Africa is a continent least responsible for climate change, only 3 or 4 percent of the global emissions, yet it is probably the most vulnerable continent to the impacts of climate change. There are many reasons for this; one is that your climate is already extreme. You get extreme droughts, extreme floods and climate change is like a hammer on top of that. It is like an engine driving those extreme weather events to become ever more frequent and ever more extreme.\"\u003cbr/\u003eMagadi - 9 September 2008\u003cbr/\u003e35. Pan of pastoralists gathering for meeting\u003cbr/\u003e36. Various of pastoralists in attendance at the meeting\u003cbr/\u003e37. Wide of Hukka Wario, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of State for the Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands, noting down pastoralists comments\u003cbr/\u003e38. Close of Wario listening \u003cbr/\u003e39. SOUNDBITE: (English) Hukka Wario, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of State for the Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The Ministry is very much concerned with water projects in coordination of course with the ministry of water and irrigation. They are very much concerned with the livestock development, particularly areas of livestock marketing, areas of establishing disease free zones, areas of establishing abattoirs (slaughterhouses) and marketing livestock locally, regionally and internationally such that the livelihood of the pastoralists who own this livestock improves.\"\u003cbr/\u003eMagadi - 8 September 2008\u003cbr/\u003e40. Various of Maasai cattle herders resting under a tree\u003cbr/\u003e41. Wide of dry lands\u003cbr/\u003e42. Pull focus from Maasai cattle herder walking home with his cattle to thorns of Acacia tree \u003cbr/\u003eFamed as nomadic herders and warriors, the Masaai people once dominated the plains of East Africa, migrating from one place to the next, seeking pastures for their cattle. \u003cbr/\u003eBut times are changing dramatically for these unique nomads, and now their lives could be altered forever. \u003cbr/\u003eClimate change is causing severe droughts, and traditional sources of water are drying up and disappearing, threatening to wipe out the Masaai way of life.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to data collected by the United Nations, Magadi in Southern Kenya is home to a Masaai clan of around 4000. \u003cbr/\u003eHerding cattle has been the main source of food and income for these nomads for decades. \u003cbr/\u003eDroughts, now more frequent, are killing off cattle and affecting the environment and livelihoods.\u003cbr/\u003eThe early hours of the morning are the busiest as people from far and wide arrive for the early morning milk market. \u003cbr/\u003eAs the scorching sun rises for another day over these drying lands, Otilawa Naisola sprints with the milk he just squeezed from his cows, before the crack of dawn. \u003cbr/\u003eThe milk allows him to help to feed his family. \u003cbr/\u003eOtilawa Naisola is lucky this morning, and makes it in time to supply the last bottle of milk to a milk dealer who will sell it in the city, too far for Otilawa to run to with his bottles.\u003cbr/\u003eBut most people out here are unlucky, it's difficult to sell milk to the few customers who make the journey to market  so many earn nothing. \u003cbr/\u003eFor now they survive on their traditional diet of milk and blood which they mix into a rich protein diet that has kept them going for centuries. \u003cbr/\u003eHowever the drought in Magadi is reaching radical levels never witnessed before, leaving little or no vegetation for the cattle to feed on, with potentially devastating consequences for the Masaai.\u003cbr/\u003eOlemodwa Keroiya has herded cattle here his entire life,but he has never before witnessed such troubles. \u003cbr/\u003eA father of 25 children and a husband of two wives, Olemodwa fears he will no longer be able to support his dependants.\u003cbr/\u003eOlemodwa started out with 70 cattle this year, but now counts only 30. He reminisces of the long grass and the rains that were frequent not too long ago.\u003cbr/\u003e\"I remember when the grass was very tall. I could not be seen when taking a nap on the ground, and if a cow gave birth, the calf survived. But now, there is no grass, there is no water, no rain and the drought is increasing. We are forced to take cows far away for pasture,\" Olemodwa says.\u003cbr/\u003eNowadays, the only way for these herders to survive is to travel hundreds of kilometres out of their traditional grazing lands to seek new pastures for their cattle or risk losing the cattle and their only means of survival.\u003cbr/\u003eMasaai herders try to escape the drought by streaming into the Kenyan capital of Nairobi, letting their cattle feed on the city's garbage disposal sites, and anywhere else they can salvage a meal for their starving cattle.\u003cbr/\u003e\"I came to Nairobi to look for grass for my cattle because there is no grass back home. And even here in the city outskirts the grass is getting finished and we are now forced to take the cows in the middle of the city,\" says Oyiamti Olemudwa, a cattle herder who recently migrated to Nairobi.\u003cbr/\u003eTo survive in the city, many herders start selling off their cattle and end up losing much of their herd.\u003cbr/\u003eCattle are a traditional status symbol in the Masaai community, and determine status and respect within the community. \u003cbr/\u003eMany herders who migrate to the city in search of greener pastures return with fewer cattle to a miserable life back home. \u003cbr/\u003eThis has led many to often abandon their traditional ways, opting instead to seek employment in the city as private guards, on estates for wealthy Kenyans and expatriates.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to environmental experts, climate change is rapidly changing sub-Saharan Africa.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Africa is a continent least responsible for climate change, only 3 or 4 percent of the global emissions, yet it is probably the most vulnerable continent to the impacts of climate change\" explains Nick Nuttal, the United Nations Environment Programme Spokesperson based in Nairobi.\u003cbr/\u003eGovernment efforts to try to convince Masaai herders to sell their cattle for the community to survive have led to conflicts. \u003cbr/\u003eIn the traditional homesteads of the Maasai community, many herders would rather watch their cattle die of dehydration and starvation than take their cattle to the market to be sold.\u003cbr/\u003eYears of drought and overgrazing combined with climate change has left a dreadful impact on the Masaai community. \u003cbr/\u003eThe crisis has reached alarming levels and pastoralists are seeking immediate government attention in order to curb this phenomenon for a solution, before it is too late.\u003cbr/\u003e\"The Ministry is very much concerned with water projects in coordination of course with the ministry of water and irrigation. They are very much concerned with the livestock development, particularly areas of livestock marketing, areas of establishing disease free zones, areas of establishing abattoirs (slaughterhouses) and marketing livestock locally, regionally and internationally such that the livelihood of the pastoralists who own this livestock improves,\" says Hukka Wario, the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of State for the Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands.\u003cbr/\u003eThe United Nations climate panel states that Africa could be hit hard by climate change in the coming century, with tens of millions facing food and water shortages, as rising temperatures are exacerbated by more droughts, floods and rising sea levels.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid 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