{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='EWaste a growing problem in Brazil' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c22ed8eafeecae157cb1' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c22ed8eafeecae157cb1' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nEWaste a growing problem in Brazil\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP Television Rio de Janeiro, March 15, 20101. Wide of Rio de Janeiro's Gramacho landfill. 2. Zoom out man carries parts of old TV sets.3. Wide pan right of woman throws computer monitor shells onto a pile.4. Medium pan right of pile of...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eRio de Janeiro, March 15, 2010\u003cbr/\u003e1. Wide of Rio de Janeiro's Gramacho landfill. \u003cbr/\u003e2. Zoom out man carries parts of old TV sets.\u003cbr/\u003e3. Wide pan right of woman throws computer monitor shells onto a pile.\u003cbr/\u003e4. Medium pan right of pile of old telephones.\u003cbr/\u003e6. Pan right to computer shopping centre. Info Barra.\u003cbr/\u003e7. Medium of man carrying boxes, LCD monitor and other.\u003cbr/\u003e8. Wide of inside of mall, small computer stores.\u003cbr/\u003e9. Pan left showing desktop computer cases.\u003cbr/\u003e10. Medium of salesman unpacking PC motherboard.\u003cbr/\u003e11. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Roni Cardosom Computer Seller \"Most people who come to buy new computers ask us about it. They are concerned about the destination of their old computers.\"\u003cbr/\u003e12. Medium pan right of men carrying boxed used computers in corridor entering CDI office in Rio. (CDI stands for Committee for Democratisation of Computer Technology) \u003cbr/\u003e13. Various of two women working at computer workshop. Fixing old computers for use at CDI schools.\u003cbr/\u003e14. Medium of CDI office pan from woman on laptop to Ed Canaes.\u003cbr/\u003e15. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Ed Canaes, Coordinator CDI:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Technological rubbish is valuable, it can be reused completely by industry. That's why in 20 years I would like not to see in this country a single computer cell phone or battery dumped in the street.\" \u003cbr/\u003e16. Various of teens at CDI computer school.\u003cbr/\u003e17. Medium of man inside truck unloading computer monitors.\u003cbr/\u003e18. Wide of young man carrying computer monitor into open air e-waste deposit.\u003cbr/\u003e19. Close of pile of ewaste.\u003cbr/\u003e20. Close of bundle of computer mice changing hands.\u003cbr/\u003e21. Medium of men throwing computer monitors in pile.\u003cbr/\u003e22. Tilt down of men disassembling monitors.\u003cbr/\u003e23. Medium of man moving mother boards\u003cbr/\u003e24. Medium of man lifting computer case over head of another man\u003cbr/\u003e23. Zoom out from Carlos Matarin to men disassembling monitors.\u003cbr/\u003e24. Man disassembling monitor. \u003cbr/\u003e25. Man stacking computer monitor boards.\u003cbr/\u003e26. Men disassembling desktop computer CPUs.\u003cbr/\u003e27. Tilt up to men disassembling computers.\u003cbr/\u003e28. Close of hand removing mother board from computer case.\u003cbr/\u003e29. Close of man carrying stack of mother boards.\u003cbr/\u003e30. Close of hands lifting motherboard. UPSOUND (Portuguese): \"Here you have aluminium, this is plastic, there is tin, there is silver.\"\u003cbr/\u003e29. Tilt up from keyboards to man arranging pile of keyboards.\u003cbr/\u003e30. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Carlos Matarim, Recycler:\u003cbr/\u003e\"If manufacturers were to include recycling instructions in the equipment manuals telling what substances are present, this would help us to better deal with this environmental problem.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eMeriti, near Rio de Janeiro, March 15, 2010\u003cbr/\u003e31. Pan right from highway to pile of computer monitors \u003cbr/\u003e32. Close of broken computer monitors.\u003cbr/\u003e33. Wide shot of man throwing computer part on the ground.\u003cbr/\u003e34. Tilt down from e waste to copper coils removed from monitors.\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eRio, April 27th 2010 \u003cbr/\u003e35. Set up Jose Henrique Penido, a solid waste specialist at Rio's COMLURB (Urban Sanitation Department)\u003cbr/\u003e36. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Jose Henrique Penido , Solid waste specialist, COMLURB:\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is extremely problematic as a human contaminant where rudimentary practices of extracting precious metals are used. The products are burned or heated and toxic gases are produced which are breathed by the people doing the work while also contaminating the soil.\"\u003cbr/\u003e37. Cutaway Henrique Penido at computer\u003cbr/\u003e38. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Jose Henrique Penido , Solid waste specialist, COMLURB:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Heavy metals are a problem since they accumulate in the body and are not eliminated by the normal channels.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eMeriti, near Rio de Janeiro, March 15, 2010\u003cbr/\u003e39. Wide of boy carrying empty computer monitor used as basket and dumps monitor pieces.\u003cbr/\u003e40. Close of contaminated ground.\u003cbr/\u003e41. Medium of two teens picking the ground for pieces of copper wire.\u003cbr/\u003e42. Close of hand with copper wire\u003cbr/\u003e42.  Wide shot of the two teens, pan to pile of ewaste with road in background.\u003cbr/\u003eBrazil is part of a group of developing countries that will face rising environmental damage and health problems if e-waste recycling is not controlled, according to a report issued by the United Nations Environmental Programme. \u003cbr/\u003eFormal mechanisms for collection and recycling do not exist in the country. \u003cbr/\u003eA law requiring industries to become responsible for recycling is ready but has yet to be approved by the Brazilian senate. \u003cbr/\u003eInformal recycling often leads to soil and human contamination by toxic chemicals.\u003cbr/\u003eBrazil discards around 114 thousand metric tons of PCs and printers every year, that's according to a recent United Nations Environmental Programme report. \u003cbr/\u003eFor Brazilian consumers green disposal options are rare and many computers and electronics are discarded along with domestic rubbish. \u003cbr/\u003eGarbage pickers working in landfills and streets capture some of the electronic waste and sell it to scrap metal dealers and informal recyclers. \u003cbr/\u003eEvery year 12 million new computers are sold in Brazil. \u003cbr/\u003eAccording to the centre for social policies in Brazil, the Getulio Vargas Foundation, about 56 million computers are currently in use. \u003cbr/\u003eInfo-Barra  is one of many technology centres in Rio de Janeiro where customers can buy whole computers or components. But the stores here don't provide ways to discard the old equipment.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Most people who come to buy new computers ask us about it. They are concerned about the destination of their old computers,\" says Roni Cardoso who owns a store here.\u003cbr/\u003eOnce approved by the Senate the new Solid Refuse Policy passed last January by the Chamber of deputies will require manufacturers to create points for taking back problem waste, including electronics.\u003cbr/\u003eAt Tijuca Mall staff at the Committee for Democratisation of Computer Technology (CDI) are always busy receiving donations of old computers. \u003cbr/\u003eThe NGO provides access to computers for the poor. \u003cbr/\u003eAfter testing and some refurbishing at the Tijuca offices, one third of these computers are ready to be sent to the CDI centres located in poor communities where they provide otherwise unavailable internet access. \u003cbr/\u003eThe remaining non-working computers are passed on to a local recycler.\u003cbr/\u003eEd Canaes, Rio's CDI coordinator hopes the new legislation and better practices will be capable of preventing the contamination taking place today.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Technological rubbish is valuable, it can be reused completely by industry. That's why in 20 years I would like not to see in this country a single computer cell phone or battery dumped in the street,\" he says.  \u003cbr/\u003eIn Nova Iguacu, a truck full of monitors is unloaded. The cargo was brought here by Carlos Matarim, CDI's partner recycler. \u003cbr/\u003eThis is one of many deposits where computers are disassembled in the outskirts of Rio de Janeiro. \u003cbr/\u003eUnlike many Asian and African countries, Brazil does not receive a considerable amount of imported waste from Europe or North America. \u003cbr/\u003eThese regions export a large proportion of their used computers to developing countries. E-waste in Brazil is mostly locally produced. \u003cbr/\u003eAt the deposit, workers disassemble computer monitors separating the plastic cases from the cathode ray tubes and removing the printed circuit boards.\u003cbr/\u003eElectronic boards are classified into different categories for the purpose of recycling. \u003cbr/\u003eBrown coloured boards get a lesser price than green coloured electronic boards, according to recycler Carlos Matarim.  \u003cbr/\u003eDesktop computer Central Processing Units (CPUs) contain mostly ferrous metals that are sold to the steel industry.\u003cbr/\u003eMotherboards inside the CPUs get a better price in the recycling market. Around three US dollars per kilogram. \u003cbr/\u003eAfter the aluminium parts and plastic coolers are removed all electronic boards are shredded and shipped to Germany, according to Matarim. \u003cbr/\u003eThe UNEP report entitled \"Recycling- from E-waste to Resources\" emphasises the fact that modern electronics contain many precious metals present mainly in circuit boards, such as silver, gold and palladium.  \u003cbr/\u003eThe report proposes improved techniques for sorting these materials at the source before sending them to sophisticated facilities in Europe, Japan and Canada that possess the capacity to extract precious metals while capturing toxins and poisonous gas. \u003cbr/\u003eAccording to the report these facilities only exist in Belgium, Canada,  Germany, Japan and Sweden.\u003cbr/\u003eMatarim is one of few recyclers in Rio who own a facility for shredding these circuit boards, which he will not show to the press for fear of revealing his trade secrets to the competition. \u003cbr/\u003eHe claims he has paid for laboratory studies capable of revealing the substances present in the electronics, some of which are processed locally in Sao Paulo, where palladium is extracted. \u003cbr/\u003eMatarim says he is concerned for the future when great numbers of LCD (liquid crystal display) monitors start to be discarded as there is little information on their composition. \u003cbr/\u003e\"If manufacturers were to include recycling instructions in the equipment manuals telling what substances are present, this would help us to better deal with this environmental problem,\" he says. \u003cbr/\u003eIn the outskirts of Rio at Meriti, a pile of broken computer monitors can be seen by people in passing vehicles. The recyclers here do not want to be identified and avoid cameras. \u003cbr/\u003eMany broken cathode ray tubes (CRT's) can be seen, the coils removed. This is the most primary form of recycling. \u003cbr/\u003eComputer CRT's contain between 2 and 3 kilograms of lead, a toxic metal.\u003cbr/\u003eA group of young men and children break the tubes to remove the copper coils that form the electron gun. \u003cbr/\u003eCopper is stored in boxes and later sold for a good price.  The leftover pieces of glass are discarded on the ground by a teenage boy, using a monitor case as a basket. \u003cbr/\u003eUnaware of the danger two young men pick copper wire scraps from the ground, their hands stained in the black ashes of burned plastic and lead contaminated glass. \u003cbr/\u003eWitnesses report frequent nightly burnings of monitor shells which contain toxic chemicals. \u003cbr/\u003eThe man responsible for the pile of e-waste would not let himself be interviewed for fear of the local authorities. \u003cbr/\u003eJosďż˝ Henrique Penido is a consultant on waste management at Rio's COMLURB (Urban Sanitation Department). He also runs a website which carries the latest news on solid waste. \u003cbr/\u003eMr. Penido believes that while harmless if stored in proper landfills, ewaste can be dangerous when in the hands of unscrupulous scrap metal dealers using rudimentary practices.\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is extremely problematic as a human contaminant where rudimentary practices of extracting precious metals are used. The products are burned or heated and toxic gases are produced which are breathed by the people doing the work while also contaminating the soil,\" he says. \u003cbr/\u003e\"Heavy metals are a problem since they accumulate in the body and are not eliminated by the normal channels,\" he adds. \u003cbr/\u003eThe environmentally correct practices proposed by the UNEP report are far from being implemented. \u003cbr/\u003eA few local initiatives have come up in some Brazilian cities. The University of Sao Paulo established a centre for recycling used computers. \u003cbr/\u003eThe Federal University in Rio is conducting studies on the subject, but in most Brazilian cities e-waste is still left to  the informal sector.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eCurator 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