{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Neurosurgeon explains how relatively minor accidents can turn deadly' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c228d8eafeecae157960' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c228d8eafeecae157960' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nNeurosurgeon explains how relatively minor accidents can turn deadly\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP TelevisionLos Angeles, 18 March 20091. Wide exterior tilt down Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center building in Westwood area of Los Angeles 2. Close sign Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center 3. Medium interior Neurodiagnostic Laboratories...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLos Angeles, 18 March 2009\u003cbr/\u003e1. Wide exterior tilt down Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center building in Westwood area of Los Angeles \u003cbr/\u003e2. Close sign Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center \u003cbr/\u003e3. Medium interior Neurodiagnostic Laboratories section of medical center, with Dr. Neil Martin walking in hallway from right of screen to left\u003cbr/\u003e4. SOUNDBITE (English) Dr. Neil Martin/Chair of Neurological Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, on Natasha Richardson's head trauma and his concern that there was no immediate brain surgery: \"I first heard about the unfortunate accident that Natasha Richardson had yesterday. And when I heard the description, I was concerned that it was a severe complication of a minor head injury, which can happen. It emphasizes the need to use a helmet, even for beginners. I use a helmet when I go skiing, my kids use a helmet when we ski. I think it's becoming a critically important way of protecting yourself. One of the things that concerned me greatly when I heard the whole story was that there was no description of any surgery.\"\u003cbr/\u003e5. Medium Dr. Neil Martin sitting at desk in white lab coat\u003cbr/\u003e6. Close Dr. Neil Martin using computer mouse\u003cbr/\u003e7. SOUNDBITE (English) Dr. Neil Martin/Chair of Neurological Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, on the need for immediate surgery in event of brain bleeding: \"After sever trauma, where there's a collection of blood building up inside the head, causing trauma and threatening brain function and brain integrity, there's a window of opportunity, a time window of two or three or four hours, during which emergency surgery can be life-saving, and in fact can protect the patient from any long-lasting brain damage. Beyond about four hours, the odds of permanent brain damage, and even fatal brain injury, increase dramatically.\"\u003cbr/\u003e8. Medium over-the-shoulder Dr. Neil Martin looking at brain scan images on his computer at his desk\u003cbr/\u003e9. Close brain scan image on Dr. Neil Martin's computer\u003cbr/\u003e10. SOUNDBITE (English) Dr. Neil Martin/Chair of Neurological Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, on the rarity of a simple fall causing massive brain injury: \"It's profoundly unusual for a minor head injury as was described to result in a life-threatening medical crisis. But falling even from a standing position is a six-foot fall as far as your head is concerned. So you can get a tremendous impact if you fall unprotected or fall on your back and your head whiplashes into the pavement or hard snow. So it's possible to get a severe injury even from what ostensibly looks like a mild fall. However, in a case like this, one has to be concerned that there may be something else going on. Maybe there was a pre-existing condition that was aggravated or triggered by a minor fall, like a brain aneurysm. Maybe the fall itself was the result of a medical problem, like leaking from a brain aneurysm. And the fall was not the problem. The initial event triggered the fall.\"\u003cbr/\u003e11. SOUNDBITE (English) Dr. Neil Martin/Chair of Neurological Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, on how a fall can cause bleeding inside the brain: \"The skull is hard, the brain is soft. When there's an injury, the skull stops moving, when a fall results in one hitting the ground, but the brain continues moving inside the skull and it collides with the inner surface of the skull. That trauma can either cause a bruise, a contusion on the brain, that can enlarge or cause severe pressure. That impact can tear blood vessels associated with the brain. And that could be the source of bleeding. That can build up rapidly or even more slowly over a period of hours.\"\u003cbr/\u003e12. Close brain scan image on Dr. Neil Martin's computer\u003cbr/\u003e13. Dr. Neil Martin works at his desk at UCLA Medical Center\u003cbr/\u003e14. SOUNDBITE (English) Dr. Neil Martin/Chair of Neurological Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, on brain injury statistics: \"There's about a million brain injuries every year that result in someone visiting the emergency department. About 200,000 of those are severe enough for a patient to be admitted to the hospital, and about 50,000 patients every year die from brain injury, frrom falls and automobile accidents but in some cases from sporting injuries.\"\u003cbr/\u003e15. Medium Dr. Neil Martin sitting at desk in white lab coat\u003cbr/\u003e16. SOUNDBITE (English) Dr. Neil Martin/Chair of Neurological Surgery, UCLA Medical Center, on deaths that result from skiing: \"In North America every year, there are about 50 skiing fatalities. Most of the time, death is caused by an injury to the brain. And that's why wearing a helmet while skiing is so critically important. There have been a number of well-known people -- Sonny Bono, one of the Kennedy brothers -- have died, from injuries related to skiing accidents.\"\u003cbr/\u003e17. Wide exterior tilt down Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center building in Westwood area of Los Angeles \u003cbr/\u003eA leading brain injury expert said Wednesday (18MAR09) that Natasha Richardson was likely to have only had a few hours to be saved after her fall on a ski slope in Montreal. \u003cbr/\u003eRichardson died at age 45 after suffering a head injury during a beginners' ski lesson.\u003cbr/\u003eIf bleeding inside the brain results from a fall, neurological surgery must be performed within about four hours for any chance of saving the patient from brain damage or death, according to Dr. Neil Martin, chair of Neurological Surgery at UCLA Medical Center and co-director and chair of the university's Brain Injury Research Center.\u003cbr/\u003e\"When I heard the description, I was concerned that it was a severe complication of a minor head injury, which can happen. ... One of the things that concerned me greatly when I heard the whole story was that there was no description of any surgery,\" Martin said. \u003cbr/\u003e\"After severe trauma, where there's a collection of blood building up inside the head, causing trauma and threatening brain function and brain integrity, there's a window of opportunity, a time window of two or three or four hours, during which emergency surgery can be life-saving, and in fact can protect the patient from any long-lasting brain damage. Beyond about four hours, the odds of permanent brain damage, and even fatal brain injury, increase dramatically.\"\u003cbr/\u003eMartin said that while a simple and relatively mild fall is unlikely to result in a severe brain injury, it does happen. \u003cbr/\u003e\"Falling even from a standing position is a six-foot fall as far as your head is concerned,\" he said. \"So you can get a tremendous impact if you fall unprotected or fall on your back and your head whiplashes into the pavement or hard snow. ... However, in a case like this, one has to be concerned that there may be something else going on. Maybe there was a pre-existing condition that was aggravated or triggered by a minor fall, like a brain aneurysm. Maybe the fall itself was the result of a medical problem, like leaking from a brain aneurysm. And the fall was not the problem. The initial event triggered the fall.\"\u003cbr/\u003eHe added that there are about 50 fatalities from skiing each year in North America, with the vast majority resulting from brain injuries. \u003cbr/\u003e\"And that's why wearing a helmet while skiing is so critically important,\" he said. \"There have been a number of well-known people -- Sonny Bono, one of the Kennedy brothers -- have died, from injuries related to skiing accidents.\"\u003cbr/\u003eRichardson was hospitalized Tuesday in Montreal and later flown to a hospital in New York. 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