{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='THE WORLD\u0026#39;S LAST REMAINING WILD HORSES' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c204d8eafeecae15684a' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c204d8eafeecae15684a' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nTHE WORLD\u0026#39;S LAST REMAINING WILD HORSES\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eHungary's Hortobagy National Park has the largest Asian Wild Horse population outside Mongolia.The Asian wild horse is the only truly wild horse remaining in the world.Running free - Asian wild horses in Hungary's Hortobagy National...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eHungary's Hortobagy National Park has the largest Asian Wild Horse population outside Mongolia.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Asian wild horse is the only truly wild horse remaining in the world.\u003cbr/\u003eRunning free - Asian wild horses in Hungary's Hortobagy National Park.\u003cbr/\u003eAlso known as the Przewalski horse, the Asian wild horse was first described scientifically in the late 19th century by the Russian explorer Nikolai Przewalski.\u003cbr/\u003eThese horses once freely roamed the steppe along the Mongolia-China border. \u003cbr/\u003eThe native population declined in the 20th century due to habitat loss and hunting for its meat. \u003cbr/\u003eBy the 1960's the wild population in Mongolia had died out.  The last herd was sighted in 1967 and the last individual horse two years later. Expeditions after this failed to locate any horses and the species was designated \"extinct in the wild\" for more 30 years.\u003cbr/\u003eSince 1985, conservation efforts have enjoyed huge successes, seeing the species downgraded from \"extinct in the wild\" to \"critically endangered.\" \u003cbr/\u003eOne such conservation programme is carried out on the great Hungarian Puszta. \u003cbr/\u003eThe Hortobagy puszta is the largest central European steppe region extending over 100,000 hectares. Most of the puszta is occupied by salt steppe including small marshes that are very similar to the original land of the Przewalski horses in Mongolia. \u003cbr/\u003eIn the mid 90s, the national park gave 2500 hectares of grassland to the international Przewalski horse project, which is controlled by the zoo of Cologne in Germany.\u003cbr/\u003eThe park wanted to bring back large grazers to the original steppe region, where the now extinct tarpan and aurochs ponies once roamed free. \u003cbr/\u003eThe Hungarians have multiple aims: long-term preservation of their Puszta, the creation of a healthy population of the Przewalski's horses under nearly natural conditions and helping the already existing horse reintegration programme in Mongolia.\u003cbr/\u003eKristin Brabender is the Przewalski horse project manager of the national park.  A German biologist, she came to Hortobagy from Cologne to study the Przewalski horses in 2008.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says the conditions here are prefect for breeding the world's last wild horses. \u003cbr/\u003eThe horses are observed and monitored continuously by researchers and a wealth of knowledge about their social behaviour, organisation and group dynamics has been gained.\u003cbr/\u003e\"All of our horses can be identified individually. We have a register for all of them, we make photos, portraits, photos of both sides of the horse. We count the stripes on the legs. We make our own personal notes about the personality of the horse, the way of movement. Maybe they have special postures, how they like to move, how they like to stand, to graze. We can identify all of them.\" \u003cbr/\u003eHowever, the great distance from Central Europe to Mongolia and the harsh climate of the Hungarian Puszta in the long winters does not make it easy for biologists to study the horses in the wild. \u003cbr/\u003eAccording to Brabender, the closest village is ten km (6.2 miles) away from the herd.  In winter cars cannot cross the terrain and temperatures can be as low as -20 degrees Celsius (-4 Fahrenheit). Brabender says her and her colleagues have to walk to the Puszta to continue studying the horses. \u003cbr/\u003eIt's something Brabender does with little hesitation. \u003cbr/\u003e\"We have a very, very good chance to make both genetic studies and behavioural studies about them. For that of course it is important as well that all of them to get names. Because like this it's much easier to handle them than if they would just have numbers. They are all registered in the international studbook in the EEP (European Endangered Species Programme) for the Przewalski horse. Here in our population in each year the foals get the names with an other letter. We started with the letter 'A' and now we already reached the 'O' year,\" she explains. \"For me personally it is easier to identify all of these horses. I don't know why, but sometimes with humans I have my problems.\"\u003cbr/\u003eBrabender says it's vital that come rain or shine, researchers are monitoring 24/7: \u003cbr/\u003e\"Each day one of us is out here and we trying to be as precise as possible with the birth dates. There are some very sad cases of foals that are killed by stallions. You only have the chance to find the dead foals if you check them every day.\"\u003cbr/\u003eIt's the dedication of people like Brabender that has seen these horses return from extinction to enjoying the wild. There are currently  212 horses running free at Hortobagy National Park.\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eHortobagy National Park, Hungary, May 20, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e1. Focus shifts from grass to the grazing wide horses.\u003cbr/\u003e2. Pan of two horses galloping in the Puszta.\u003cbr/\u003e3. Mid of two stallions fighting\u003cbr/\u003e4. Close of a horse grazing.\u003cbr/\u003e5. Focus shifts from grass to the morning dew.\u003cbr/\u003e6. Mid of horses grazing.\u003cbr/\u003e7. Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project arrives for her daily observation.\u003cbr/\u003e8. Close of her using binoculars.\u003cbr/\u003e9. SOUNDBITE (English) Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is our mare 'Idezo' with her one year old foal from last year.  And in the background you can see one of our oldest stallions.\" \u003cbr/\u003e10. Mid of a herd.\u003cbr/\u003e11. SOUNDBITE (English) Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"All of our horses can be identified individually. We have a register for all of them, we make photos, portraits, photos of both sides of the horse. We count the stripes on the legs.\"\u003cbr/\u003e12. Mid of two stallions.\u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE (English) Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We make our own personal notes about the personality of the horse, the way of movement. Maybe they have special postures, how they like to move, how they like to stand, to graze. We can identify all of them.\"\u003cbr/\u003e14. Close of a horse.\u003cbr/\u003e15. SOUNDBITE (English) Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have a very, very good chance to make both genetic studies and behavioural studies about them. For that of course it is important as well that all of them to get names. Because like this it's much easier to handle them than if they would just have numbers. They are all registered in the international studbook in the EEP (European Endangered Species Programme) for the Przewalski horse. Here in our population in each year the foals get the names with an other letter. We started with the letter 'A' and now we already reached the 'O' year.\"\u003cbr/\u003e16. Mid of a group of horses\u003cbr/\u003e17. SOUNDBITE (English) Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"For me personally it is easier to identify all of these horses. I don't know why, but sometimes with humans I have my problems.\"\u003cbr/\u003e18. Wide of Brabender is looking at her horses.\u003cbr/\u003e19. SOUNDBITE (English) Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Each day one of us is out here and we trying to be as precise as possible with the birth dates. There are some very sad cases of foals that are killed by stallions. You only have the chance to find the dead foals if you check them every day.\"\u003cbr/\u003e20. Wide of Brabender is checking the herd.\u003cbr/\u003e21. Close of a horse grazing.\u003cbr/\u003e22. Pan of two stallions chasing each other.\u003cbr/\u003e23. Mid a horse walking by two others.\u003cbr/\u003e24. Wide Brabender checking the herd.\u003cbr/\u003e25. View of the Puszta.\u003cbr/\u003e26. SOUNDBITE (English) Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Each day there are new foals are being born, we are at the moment at 212 horses.\"\u003cbr/\u003e27. Mid a foal between mares.\u003cbr/\u003e28. SOUNDBITE (English) Kristin Brabender, manager of the Przewalski horse project:\u003cbr/\u003e\"My best experience was with my favourite stallion \"Bendeguz', he's not living any longer, he was already very old. But from the first moment there was a special connection between us. I don't know why. During the breeding season, he had the biggest harem group and he was very-very busy protecting his newborn foals. There were lots of attacks from other stallions from outside. They were trying to attack the foals, and he was permanently under stress. I just tried to observe the situation from very far away not to interfere. I had an old Lada Niva in that time and one could sit on the roof of the car. So I stayed about one kilometre away, climbed onto the car roof and just watching them with the (binoculars). I was able to identify the horses from the distance. But what 'Bendeguz' did, I think he was able to identify me as well from that distance and immediately he started to approach the car. When he reached the car, he just laid down flat on the ground, and started to sleep. All of his mares were surrounding the car, and I was the one watching his group while he had a rest. That was such a sign of trust, it was really-really fascinating!'\u003cbr/\u003e29. 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