{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Water dispute clouds efforts to resume peace talks' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c03cd8eafeecae14935b' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c03cd8eafeecae14935b' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nWater dispute clouds efforts to resume peace talks\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eChenab River, Gujrat, Pakistan - 06 April 20101. Pan of Chenab River with boat in the water, large dry patches 2. Dry riverbed 3. Wide of beach with bridge in background 4. Mid of boys playing in the water, splashing their bicycle 5....\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eChenab River, Gujrat, Pakistan - 06 April 2010\u003cbr/\u003e1. Pan of Chenab River with boat in the water, large dry patches \u003cbr/\u003e2. Dry riverbed \u003cbr/\u003e3. Wide of beach with bridge in background \u003cbr/\u003e4. Mid of boys playing in the water, splashing their bicycle \u003cbr/\u003e5. Wide of boys pushing their bike through water \u003cbr/\u003e6. SOUNDBITE (Punjabi) Shahzad Ali, Local farmer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"As soon as India constructed a dam across the river, the water stopped.\"\u003cbr/\u003e(Q: does it damage the crops?) \u003cbr/\u003e\"Yes, it seriously damages the crops.  When this river flows, it is full of water, and there was enough water for the irrigation canals and our crops were well watered. Now, some areas have become barren because farmers were unable to cultivate their crops due to the water shortage.\"\u003cbr/\u003e7. Close of Chenab River\u003cbr/\u003eThimphu, Bhutan - 29 Apr 2010\u003cbr/\u003e8. Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh shaking hands with his Pakistani counterpart Yusuf Raza Gilani \u003cbr/\u003e9. Mid of Singh and Gilani; tilt down to handshake\u003cbr/\u003e10. SOUNDBITE: (English) Shah Mahmood Qureshi, Pakistani Foreign Minister:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The issue of water was raised and the response is that this in on the table. We will take it up and we also have a mechanism through which we can solve this issue. This is an important issue. This is a very sensitive issue. It is an issue that affects economies of the region.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThimphu, Bhutan - 28 April 2010\u003cbr/\u003e11. Wide of ceremonial gate with schoolchildren lining the road\u003cbr/\u003e12. Various exterior shots of venue where South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) summit was being held\u003cbr/\u003eThimphu, Bhutan - 29 Apr 2010\u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE: (English) Nirupama Rao, Indian Foreign Secretary:\u003cbr/\u003e\"When I see issues of concern, will be discussed between the two countries obviously they will encompass all issues of mutual concern.\"\u003cbr/\u003eChenab River, Gujrat, Pakistan - 06 April 2010\u003cbr/\u003e14. Boys playing in water, throwing fish into the air \u003cbr/\u003e15. Wide of boys swimming in river \u003cbr/\u003e16. Wide of Chenab River with fisherman getting out of boat \u003cbr/\u003e17. SOUNDBITE (Urdu) Anwar Mahmood, Boat owner:\u003cbr/\u003e\"In the winter season the water is very low. As for the summer, we hope the water flow will increase. If India doesn't turn on the water, how will it flow here? Our income is very low.\"\u003cbr/\u003e(Q: Why did India not turn on the water?) \u003cbr/\u003e\"India constructed their own dams and gathered water. Once these dams are full of water, then India will turn on the water and flood the land and then our business can finally start again.\"\u003cbr/\u003e18. Various of crops in field \u003cbr/\u003e19. Mid of cattle resting in shade \u003cbr/\u003e20. Mid of farmers sitting on ground, drinking tea and smoking \u003cbr/\u003e21. Close of farmer's hands \u003cbr/\u003e22. Mid of farmer smoking \u003cbr/\u003e23. SOUNDBITE (Punjabi) Mohammad (no last name given), Local farmer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Less rain is falling, and India has stopped our water.\"\u003cbr/\u003e(Q: Why did India stop the water?) \u003cbr/\u003e\"India stopped the water to prevent Pakistan using the river to float timber downstream from the hills. They stopped the water because they don't want Pakistan to profit from their timber. On the other hand, there is the Kashmir dispute and they have killed so many people. If our Kashmir gets freedom, our water will turn on.\"\u003cbr/\u003e24. Wide of field with crops\u003cbr/\u003eA bitter dispute over limited water resources is fuelling India-Pakistan tensions at a time when the South Asian neighbours are trying to rebuild trust and resume peace talks.\u003cbr/\u003eIt's a long-running feud that has worsened in recent months as a dry spell focuses attention on Pakistan's growing water shortage. \u003cbr/\u003eThe origin of the water dispute can be traced to the creation of Pakistan and India in 1947, when the British Indian empire was partitioned. \u003cbr/\u003eThe split gave India control of the part of Kashmir that is the source of six rivers that irrigate crops in Pakistan's agricultural heartland of Punjab province and elsewhere.\u003cbr/\u003eUnder a 1960 agreement, Pakistan has the use of the three western rivers, the Indus, Jhelum and Chenab, and India, the three eastern ones, the Sutlej, Beas and Ravi.\u003cbr/\u003eIndia was granted limited use of Pakistan's rivers for agricultural purposes, plus the right to build hydroelectric dams, as long as they didn't store or divert large amounts of water.\u003cbr/\u003eBut according to local farmers, fields near Chenab River have been shrinking since India completed a hydroelectric dam in its part of Kashmir in 2008. \u003cbr/\u003eIn some sections, water flows in only a tenth of the river bed, and nearby irrigation canals have dried up.\u003cbr/\u003eIndian officials blame any reduction on natural variation and climate change, which have hurt India as well. \u003cbr/\u003eThey add that Pakistan's antiquated irrigation system wastes large quantities of water.\u003cbr/\u003eFurther complicating the situation, Islamic extremists are trying to capitalise on allegations that India is stealing water from glacier-fed rivers that start in the disputed territory of Kashmir.\u003cbr/\u003eIndependent experts say there is no evidence to support those charges, but they warn that Pakistani concerns about India's plans to build at least 15 new dams need to be addressed to avoid conflict.\u003cbr/\u003eThree days of talks in March ended with both sides trading barbs and failing to reach a resolution.\u003cbr/\u003eThe issue was raised on Thursday when the leaders of the two countries met at a regional summit in Bhutan and agreed on the need to normalise relations, the Pakistani side said.\u003cbr/\u003eFarmers in Pakistan's Gujrat district, located between the River Chenab and the River Jehlum, are angry.\u003cbr/\u003eThe area has traditionally been Pakistan's breadbasket, but local farmer Shahzad Ali said that was no longer the case.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Some areas have become barren because farmers were unable to cultivate their crops due to water shortage,\" he said, blaming India's construction of new dams as the cause.\u003cbr/\u003eOn Thursday, on the sidelines of the two-day summit in the Buddhist kingdom of Bhutan, Pakistani Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi said the water issue was \"on the table\" for discussion by the leaders of the two countries.\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is a very sensitive issue. It is an issue that affects economies of the region,\" he added.\u003cbr/\u003eThe animosity over water could make it even more difficult to resolve the main dispute between the two countries: the decades-long struggle over Kashmir.\u003cbr/\u003eThe United States has been seeking to reduce India-Pakistan tensions, hoping that would free Pakistan to move troops away from the Indian front to fight militants attacking US and NATO troops in Afghanistan from sanctuaries near the Afghan border.\u003cbr/\u003ePakistan is one of the driest countries in the world, and water availability per person has fallen from about five-thousand cubic metres (175-thousand cubic feet) in 1947 to around thousand cubic metres (35-thousand cubic feet) today.\u003cbr/\u003eMost of the drop is a result of rapid population growth, but recent shortages have heightened suspicions about India's role.\u003cbr/\u003eIndia denies any intention to cut off water to Pakistan and maintains that it has complied with the treaty. \u003cbr/\u003eBut as with other issues between the two countries, mistrust runs high.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to some experts, dams India is planning to build could give it the ability to choke off water to Pakistan if it wanted to, fuelling militants' anger.\u003cbr/\u003eJamaat-e-Dawa, an alleged front group for the militant Lashkar-e-Taiba organisation, issued a statement recently accusing India of using \"her disputed occupation of Kashmir to carry out a deep conspiracy of turning Pakistan's agricultural lands into barren lands and economically annihilating her through building dams and water theft.\"\u003cbr/\u003e\"If India continues with her water terrorism,\" it added, \"Pakistan must keep open the option of using force.\"\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci 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