{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Genetically modified soya developed to tackle flooding and drought' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bfdfd8eafeecae1466f3' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bfdfd8eafeecae1466f3' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nGenetically modified soya developed to tackle flooding and drought\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP Television FILE Undated, Cordoba, Argentina1. Various aerials of flooded agricultural land2. Close pan from one withered plant to another3. Wide of arid dry land with cattle grazing in background4. Wide of desertified land AP...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eFILE Undated, Cordoba, Argentina\u003cbr/\u003e1. Various aerials of flooded agricultural land\u003cbr/\u003e2. Close pan from one withered plant to another\u003cbr/\u003e3. Wide of arid dry land with cattle grazing in background\u003cbr/\u003e4. Wide of desertified land \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eRosario, Argentina, 7th June 2012\u003cbr/\u003e5. Wide of biotech company Bioceres\u003cbr/\u003e6. Wide through window of laboratory as technicians carry out research on seeds\u003cbr/\u003e7. Mid of scientist looking into microscope\u003cbr/\u003e8. Close of scientist looking into microscope\u003cbr/\u003e9. Close of technician\u003cbr/\u003e10. Close of technician manipulating seed in tube\u003cbr/\u003e11. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Mercedes Rivero, Leader of Plant Transformation and Tissue Culture, Indear, Buenos Aires, Argentina: \u003cbr/\u003e\"It is to do with the manipulation of transgenic plants of soya, of corn and wheat of a gene that confers better resistance against hydric stress and a parallel increase in productivity, of yields. We already have numerous transgenic examples in these 3 crops which express this characteristic, this gene which we have in collaboration with numerous investigators from throughout the country we have developed and we are obtaining really good results.\"\u003cbr/\u003e12. Wide through window of laboratory as scientists and technicians continue with research\u003cbr/\u003e13. Close of scientist labelling test samples of plant seeds\u003cbr/\u003e14. Wide of storage room as scientists organise samples\u003cbr/\u003e15. Close of scientists looking at samples in white light\u003cbr/\u003e16. Mid of scientists looking at samples\u003cbr/\u003e17. Close of samples\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eBuenos Aires, Argentina - 16th May 2012\u003cbr/\u003e18. Close of sign for 'Conicet' Argentina's National Scientific and Technical Research Council\u003cbr/\u003e19. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Raquel Chan, Research Director, National University of Litoral, Buenos Aires, Argentina: \u003cbr/\u003e\"Plants of course have to remain in one place but they have evolved to adapt themselves to unfavourable environmental conditions. How do they adapt?  By using very complex mechanisms that have a domino effect and there are some proteins that have been codified for these type of genes, kind of processes that are called factors of transcription that are like the first keys in the domino effect that awaken a response so that the plant, what will normally happen,  it will try to unfurl mechanisms allowing it to survive in conditions that are adverse to it.\"\u003cbr/\u003e20. Pan of green house as Geronimo Watson enters to inspect nurseries\u003cbr/\u003e21. Mid of Geronimo approaching plant to inspect\u003cbr/\u003e22. Close of Geronimo\u003cbr/\u003e23. Close of Geronimo looking at soya plant\u003cbr/\u003e24. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Geronimo Watson, Chief Technology Officer, Indear, Rosario, Argentina: \u003cbr/\u003e\"The technology which we are researching and which passes through the processes we have in place is all about increasing the levels of productivity, with the diminishing of or let's say the betterment from the perspective of the impact it has on the environment in contrast to all of the other technologies that are associated to it in the agricultural production and in regards to the value or added value of what it can produce in the fields.\" \u003cbr/\u003e25. Wide of field planted with damaged crops\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eBuenos Aires, Argentina - 18 September 2012\u003cbr/\u003e26. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Daniel Miralles, Doctor of Environmental Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I do not see any risk at an environmental level as I am sure that the gene they are going to introduce is genuinely formulated to integrate and that corruptive material will not be produced from the inclusion of this gene. This (biotechnological technique) has been categorically perfected, so I do not see any environmental risk from that point of view. What's more, the agricultural process from lets say 30 years ago was so much more contaminating that what it is today because they needed to use so much more pesticides with toxic levels so much higher than levels now acceptable.\"\u003cbr/\u003e26. Mid of farming manager approaching to inspect plantation\u003cbr/\u003e27. Close of harvester gathering crops\u003cbr/\u003e28. Close of harvester expelling plant wastage\u003cbr/\u003e29. Mid of farmer inspecting crop\u003cbr/\u003e30. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Juan Carlos Trobbiani, Farm Manager, Rosario, Argentina: \u003cbr/\u003e\"Well it really would be something very good here in these parts from the perspective that we are coming out since 2010 we are dealing with so many occurrences of drought and we have lost up to 30 percent during these times. We are coming from 2 or 3 years of drought and if this soya came out it would also have the side impact of helping us deal with the devastating worms and flies. They told me that it should be released very soon this new style of soya.\"\u003cbr/\u003e31. Wide of farmer walking towards and getting into tractor\u003cbr/\u003e32. Wide of crop harvesting in large field\u003cbr/\u003e33. Wide of crop harvesting in large field\u003cbr/\u003e34. Close of harvester expelling plant wastage\u003cbr/\u003eScientific developments in Argentina could soon mean that the country's biggest cash crop, soya, is made genetically resistant to both drought and floods.\u003cbr/\u003eAs the South American agricultural powerhouse tackles the effects of climate change, the breakthrough could mean buoyant future yields.\u003cbr/\u003eIt's an increasingly common sight: some of the world's most fertile fields and grazing land devastated by floods.\u003cbr/\u003eIn recent years the lush pampas of Argentina's agricultural heartland have seen thousands of acres submerged as annual rainfall patterns continue to change. \u003cbr/\u003eAccording to the Rural Society of Argentina over 600 thousand acres have been flooded in the province of Buenos Aires alone so far this year.\u003cbr/\u003eIn stark contrast, an area a couple of hundred kilometres further north had parched fields during a long dry spell.\u003cbr/\u003eThe topsoil of some of the formerly fertile fields was so dry that it has been blown away by winds.\u003cbr/\u003eOften described as the world's breadbasket, the effects of weather extremes in Argentina are having a suffocating effect on yields.\u003cbr/\u003eOne of the world's top exporters of crops such as soy, wheat and corn continues to see production forecasts hampered.\u003cbr/\u003eBut now local biotechnological breakthroughs might mean the impact of such climatic swings are not so stifling on the country's cash crops.\u003cbr/\u003eScientists working in this biotech company in the interior city of Rosario are developing the discovery of a drought-resistant gene that can be spliced into certain crops. \u003cbr/\u003eMercedes Rivero, leader of Plant transformation and Tissue Culture from Indear says early investigations are bolstering hopes for more resilient crops and improved future yields.\u003cbr/\u003e\"It is to do with the manipulation of transgenic plants of soya, of corn and wheat of a gene that confers better resistance against hydric stress and a parallel increase in productivity, of yields. We already have numerous transgenic examples in these 3 crops which express this characteristic, this gene which we have in collaboration with numerous investigators from throughout the country we have developed and we are obtaining really good results.\"\u003cbr/\u003eMercedes' team has been developing research on this HAHB4 gene, the element that makes sunflowers resist extreme conditions.\u003cbr/\u003eThe group who specialise in crop improvement and molecular farming began by implanting the gene into the boechra rockcress plant. \u003cbr/\u003eTests included freezing at temperatures as low as -8 degrees centigrade and also prolonged drought stress. \u003cbr/\u003eThe gene operates by triggering different endogenous stress response pathways conferring tolerance to drought, flooding, salinity and UV aggression.\u003cbr/\u003eThe original breakthrough was made by the Department of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences at the National University of Litoral in Argentina's agricultural heartland of Santa Fe.\u003cbr/\u003eDr. Rachel Chan is head of the research group at the laboratory which is sponsored by Argentina's National Scientific and Technical Research Council; CONICET.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says it was simply a matter of unlocking the natural mechanics of the sunflower gene.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Plants of course have to remain in one place but they have evolved to adapt themselves to unfavourable environmental conditions. How do they adapt?  By using very complex mechanisms that have a domino effect and there are some proteins that have been codified for these type of genes, kind of processes that are called factors of transcription that are like the first keys in the domino effect that awaken a response so that the plant, what will normally happen,  it will try to unfurl mechanisms allowing it to survive in conditions that are adverse to it.\"\u003cbr/\u003eChan's team and CONICET signed a deal with Bioceres, the mother company of Indear, which is co-owned by over 230 agricultural producers, to use and exploit the gene. \u003cbr/\u003eThe producer injected the funds necessary to carry out the experimental work and the costs of subsequent patenting of inventions.\u003cbr/\u003eSo far tests have been conducted on soy, wheat and corn crops and preliminary samples are soon being moved to the fields.\u003cbr/\u003eWhile the prospect of creating transgenic soy plant has some experts concerned about potential for environmental harm Geronimo Watson, technology officer from Indear says ecological sustainability is at the heart of their research.\u003cbr/\u003e\"The technology which we are researching and which passes through the processes we have in place is all about increasing the levels of productivity, with the diminishing of or let's say the betterment from the perspective of the impact it has on the environment in contrast to all of the other technologies that are associated to it in the agricultural production and in regards to the value or added value of what it can produce in the fields.\" \u003cbr/\u003eDaniel Miralles, Doctor of Environmental Science from the University of Buenos Aires says the gene manipulation is safer than the toxins used on the soil 30 years ago.\u003cbr/\u003eMiralles says, \"I do not see any risk at an environmental level as I am sure that the gene they are going to introduce is genuinely formulated to integrate and that corruptive material will not be produced from the inclusion of this gene. This (biotechnological technique) has been categorically perfected, so I do not see any environmental risk from that point of view. What's more, the agricultural process from lets say 30 years ago was so much more contaminating that what it is today because they needed to use so much more pesticides with toxic levels so much higher than levels now acceptable.\"\u003cbr/\u003eFollowing months of hot, rain-free weather some producers in the regions hardest hit areas are still grappling to turn a profit on yields from the 2011, 2012 season.\u003cbr/\u003eDried out at a delicate stage of their growth crops never fully developed, some remain in the damaged soil whilst others are harvested at extra cost.\u003cbr/\u003eJuan Carlos Trobbiani is farm manager from one of the local estancias, large ranches just outside the city of Rosario.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says the regions agricultural communities are enthusiastically beckoning the breakthrough crops.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Well it really would be something very good here in these parts from the perspective that we are continuing since 2010, we are dealing with so many occurrences of drought and we have lost up to 30 percent (of yields) during these times. We are coming from 2 or 3 years of drought and if this soya came out it would also have the side impact of helping us deal with the devastating worms and flies. They told me that it should be on its way out very soon this new style of soya.\"\u003cbr/\u003eIn addition to this development Indear is researching for other projects such as genetic transformation of soybean with anti-fungal genes.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to the Rural Society of Argentina soy output is predicted to be 39.3 million tonnes this season down from initial expectations of 41 million.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource 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