{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Medical profession divided over WHO plans for tough E-cigarette laws  ++REPLAY++' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bfdad8eafeecae1464a3' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bfdad8eafeecae1464a3' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nMedical profession divided over WHO plans for tough E-cigarette laws  ++REPLAY++\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eTougher rules on e-cigarettes, as recommended by the World Health Organisation, would risk the lives of over fifty thousand people according to addiction experts in the UK.In August, WHO urged governments to ban the use of electronic...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eTougher rules on e-cigarettes, as recommended by the World Health Organisation, would risk the lives of over fifty thousand people according to addiction experts in the UK.\u003cbr/\u003eIn August, WHO urged governments to ban the use of electronic cigarettes indoors, as well as other regulations.\u003cbr/\u003eThe e-cigarette debate is intensifying ahead of an international conference in October.\u003cbr/\u003eAre they better than smoking real cigarettes?\u003cbr/\u003eA group of addiction experts from Kings College and University College London (UCL) claim restrictions being recommended by the World Health Organisation will push nicotine addicts back to smoking tobacco. \u003cbr/\u003eThey say they have evidence that electronic smoking is bringing down more harmful tobacco smoking in the UK.\u003cbr/\u003eWHO says regulation \"is a necessary precondition for establishing a scientific basis on which to judge the effects of their use.\" \u003cbr/\u003eLittle is known about the health effects of e-cigarettes, which have been sold in the U.S. since 2007 and contain less toxic substances than traditional cigarettes do. \u003cbr/\u003eThe biggest markets are Europe and North America.\u003cbr/\u003eIn April, US regulator the Food and Drug Administration proposed treating e-cigarettes as tobacco products with rules such as a ban on sales to those under 18 and requiring warning labels.\u003cbr/\u003eSales are banned in 13 of the 59 countries that regulate the devices, but it's believed this is overcome by illicit trade and cross-border Internet sales.\u003cbr/\u003eThe WHO report is strongly dividing the medical profession, many of whom are expected to attend a conference in October. \u003cbr/\u003eIf the recommendations are adopted, the next step would be for nations to strengthen their laws and policies to meet the treaty obligations.\u003cbr/\u003eThe division amongst people who are for and against electronic cigarettes is becoming more entrenched, not least in the US where a number of cities including New York and Chicago have banned their use in public places.\u003cbr/\u003eStrict tobacco smoking bans worldwide has led smokers to use of e-cigarettes, which emit nicotine through a vapour.\u003cbr/\u003eOne of the leading critics of the WHO move to restrict e-cigarettes is Professor Robert West, Professor of health psychology and director of tobacco studies at  UCL.\u003cbr/\u003eHe argues  e-cigarettes don't contain the harmful chemicals used in tobacco and they are not combustible creating toxic smoke so they pose a fraction if any harm to people.\u003cbr/\u003eWest says: \"We identified three groups that we were interested in. One was people who'd used an e-cigarette and nothing else, another group was people who'd used one of the licensed nicotine products, patch, gum whatever and nothing else and another group who used nothing at all and we looked to see whether they were still not smoking and we were also able to adjust statistically for any other sort of differences that might have been between them. For example, we know that people who use a nicotine product are actually more dependent than others so you've got to adjust for that and when we compared the success rates of those groups, what we found was, those who were using the electronic cigarette were about 60% more likely still not to be smoking than either of the other two groups.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe WHO recommendation is backed by Martin McKee, Professor of European Public Health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM).\u003cbr/\u003eMcKee argues cigarette companies are investing in e-cigarettes because they see it as a back door route to re-establishing cigarette smoking in societies who've banned it.\u003cbr/\u003eMcKee says of course vaping, as e-cigarette smoking is described, is much safer than smoking real cigarettes but we should not delude ourselves that it is harmless.\u003cbr/\u003eMcKee's main concern is what he describes as the re-normalising of cigarette imagery.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to McKee society now not only accepts that smoking is harmful, but now society associates smoking with pejorative images, for example people who smell of tobacco, or someone who is unfit and unhealthy. He believes that could now be undermined by the rise of people using e-cigarettes.\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have a product that is being marketed in a way that often looks exactly like real cigarettes. This is a very good way of getting round the existing bans on (the) marketing of cigarettes when your products, to children, will look exactly the same. So I simply don't accept that there's no harm associated with them. The other thing is that nicotine is not an entirely safe product. Remember that nicotine is used as an insecticide so if people are happy sitting with essentially insecticide floating around in the room with them that's fine,\" he says.\u003cbr/\u003eWest is frustrated by such arguments.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says: \"This (tobacco smoking) is killing something like five to six million people a year, the figures are just astronomical.\"\u003cbr/\u003eWest, who has led a team monitoring smokers over ten years, says in the UK, there is no evidence to support the fact that people are turning to cigarettes use after using e-cigarettes. The overall number of smokers is still dipping despite the number of e-cigarette users increasing.\u003cbr/\u003eHe admits that it has the potential to normalise the culture smoking, but he argues they should not be heavily restricted.\u003cbr/\u003eWest says: \"The opportunity, potentially to drastically reduce that (deaths) is something we simply cannot give up. Yes there are risks attached to it in theory,but those have to be weighed against the gains and this is where, you know, the controversy is and where all the debate is about these cigarettes. On the one hand you've got people who see that opportunity and I'm one of them and think we must cautiously go with it and there are others who just see it as a threat and I think that is a mistake.\"\u003cbr/\u003eMcKee strongly disagrees: \"If we really want to make a difference on smoking then we need to go for the classic measures which are to address price through tax hikes, the advertising, the marketing which is particularly by going for plain packs and reducing the availability as in the point of sales displays that we have and we know from the experience in Australia and New Zealand that we can achieve levels that are perhaps a quarter of what we're seeing in smoking rates in the United Kingdom, without using an unproven technology of marginal benefit if any and with serious risks of re-normalising the imagery of smoking.\"\u003cbr/\u003eMcKee is deeply opposed to governments allowing licensed products from e-cigarettes, especially if the companies producing them are tobacco companies.\u003cbr/\u003eWest is undecided, but for different reasons.\u003cbr/\u003eHe argues that licensing obstructs innovation, because companies don't want to invest in something which may not be permitted to get to market. He believes that this is why nicotine replacement products have not evolved to become more effective.\u003cbr/\u003eWest says electronic cigarette design and nicotine delivery is rapidly improving for this reason.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says: \"We actually have already two experimental studies, two randomised controlled trials which found that forms of these cigarettes which are now obsolete, they weren't actually very good these cigarettes so they're not on the market any more, but those were when given with a bit of professional support were actually similar to the licensed nicotine products in terms of their benefit for smokers. What we now see from our research, is that when there's no professional support involved, which is actually how most people are using these things, that there is some benefit for these products whereas for the licensed nicotine product, unfortunately we're not seeing that kind of benefit so it's a piece of the jigsaw puzzle, I think it's quite positive for e-cigarettes, but of course we do need more research continually.\"\u003cbr/\u003eFar from concluding the argument over e-cigarettes, calls for further bans has just fuelled the debate.\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eNew York, US, April 25, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e1. Mid zoom in on man exhaling vapour from e-cigarette\u003cbr/\u003e2. Mid of man behind cafe counter exhaling e-cigarette\u003cbr/\u003e3. Close of man sucking on e-cigarette\u003cbr/\u003e4. Close of woman walking and holding tobacco cigarette\u003cbr/\u003e5. Close of woman sitting smoking tobacco cigarette\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eBarcelona, Spain, November 7, 2013\u003cbr/\u003e6. Wide of tobacconist selling cigarettes in his shop\u003cbr/\u003e7. Mid of cigarettes\u003cbr/\u003e8. Close of packet of cigarettes on rotating display\u003cbr/\u003e9. Close of tobacconist reaching for cigarettes from shelf\u003cbr/\u003e10. Mid of tobacconist serving customer\u003cbr/\u003e11. Mid of man smoking in street\u003cbr/\u003e12. Mid of woman sitting in outdoor restaurant smoking\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK, May 13, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e13. Mid of Professor Robert West working on report at his computer\u003cbr/\u003e14. Close of computer screen showing smoking habits\u003cbr/\u003e15. Close of West\u003cbr/\u003e16. SOUNDBITE: (English), Professor Robert West, Professor of Health Psychology and Director of Tobacco Studies, University College London:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We identified three groups that we were interested in. One was people who'd used an e-cigarette and nothing else, another group was people who'd used one of the licensed nicotine products, patch, gum whatever and nothing else and another group who used nothing at all and we looked to see whether they were still not smoking and we were also able to adjust statistically for any other sort of differences that might have been between them. For example, we know that people who use a nicotine product are actually more dependent than others so you've got to adjust for that and when we compared the success rates of those groups, what we found was, those who were using the electronic cigarette were about 60% more likely still not to be smoking than either of the other two groups.\"\u003cbr/\u003e17. Wide tilt down of building at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine to zoom in of Professor Martin McKee walking\u003cbr/\u003e18. SOUNDBITE: (English), Dr. Martin McKee, professor of public health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM):\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have a product that is being marketed in a way that often looks exactly like real cigarettes. This is a very good way of getting round the existing bans on (the) marketing of cigarettes when your products, to children, will look exactly the same. So I simply don't accept that there's no harm associated with them. The other thing is that nicotine is not an entirely safe product. Remember that nicotine is used as an insecticide so if people are happy sitting with essentially insecticide floating around in the room with them that's fine.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eTurin, Italy, December 10, 2013\u003cbr/\u003e19. Close of man rolling tobacco for cigarette\u003cbr/\u003e20. Mid of man smoking\u003cbr/\u003e21. Close of man smoking\u003cbr/\u003e22. Mid of man exhaling\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK, May 13, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e23. SOUNDBITE: (English), Professor Robert West, Professor of Health Psychology and Director of Tobacco Studies, University College London:\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is killing something like five to six million people a year, the figures are just astronomical.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eTurin, Italy, December 10, 2013\u003cbr/\u003e24. Close of nicotine labels for e-cigarettes\u003cbr/\u003e25. Close of bottles of nicotine on conveyor belt in factory\u003cbr/\u003e26. Close of nicotine bottles being filled\u003cbr/\u003e27. Mid of man filling bottles with large vat of nicotine fluid in foreground\u003cbr/\u003e28. Close of bottles\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK, May 13, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e29. SOUNDBITE: (English), Professor Robert West, Professor of Health Psychology and Director of Tobacco Studies, University College London:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The opportunity, potentially to drastically reduce that (deaths) is something we simply cannot give up. Yes there are risks attached to it in theory,but those have to be weighed against the gains and this is where, you know, the controversy is and where all the debate is about these cigarettes. On the one hand you've got people who see that opportunity and I'm one of them and think we must cautiously go with it and there are others who just see it as a threat and I think that is a mistake.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eNew York, US, April 25, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e30. Various close of flavoured nicotine fluid bottles\u003cbr/\u003e31. Close of vapour coming out of an inhaler device\u003cbr/\u003e32. Mid zoom out of man and close zoom in again\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK, May 13, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e33. SOUNDBITE: (English), Dr. Martin McKee, professor of public health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM):\u003cbr/\u003e\"If we really want to make a difference on smoking then we need to go for the classic measures which are to address price through tax hikes, the advertising, the marketing which is particularly by going for plain packs and reducing the availability as in the point of sales displays that we have and we know from the experience in Australia and New Zealand that we can achieve levels that are perhaps a quarter of what we're seeing in smoking rates in the United Kingdom, without using an unproven technology of marginal benefit if any and with serious risks of re-normalising the imagery of smoking.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eBarcelona, Spain, November 7, 2013\u003cbr/\u003e34. Various of man using e-cigarette sitting outside bar\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eTurin, Italy, December 10, 2013\u003cbr/\u003e35. Close of e-cigarette devices on display\u003cbr/\u003e36. Mid of woman using electronic cigarette watched by her friend\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK, May 13, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e37. SOUNDBITE: (English), Professor Robert West, Professor of Health Psychology and Director of Tobacco Studies, University College London:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We actually have already two experimental studies, two randomised controlled trials which found that forms of these cigarettes which are now obsolete, they weren't actually very good these cigarettes so they're not on the market any more, but those were when given with a bit of professional support were actually similar to the licensed nicotine products in terms of their benefit for smokers. What we now see from our research, is that when there's no professional support involved, which is actually how most people are using these things, that there is some benefit for these products whereas for the licensed nicotine product, unfortunately we're not seeing that kind of benefit so it's a piece of the jigsaw puzzle, I think it's quite positive for e-cigarettes, but of course we do need more research continually.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eBarcelona, Spain, November 7, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e38. Close of man exhaling vapour\u003cbr/\u003e39. 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