{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='+EMBARGOED 1100 GMT 9 APRIL 2014+ World Health Organisation releases first guidelines for Hepatitis C treatment' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bfbfd8eafeecae1457c9' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bfbfd8eafeecae1457c9' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\n+EMBARGOED 1100 GMT 9 APRIL 2014+ World Health Organisation releases first guidelines for Hepatitis C treatment\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eHepatitis C virus is most commonly transmitted through exposure to contaminated blood.Which is why tattooist Nick Reid has a long hygiene ritual before he begins to work on client Cain McLaren.All surfaces are scrubbed down with hospital...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eHepatitis C virus is most commonly transmitted through exposure to contaminated blood.\u003cbr/\u003eWhich is why tattooist Nick Reid has a long hygiene ritual before he begins to work on client Cain McLaren.\u003cbr/\u003eAll surfaces are scrubbed down with hospital grade detergent, packets of needles are taken out of the autoclave, or steriliser where they have been heated to check that the packets have not previously been opened.\u003cbr/\u003eThose that have been resealed do not change to the right colour.\u003cbr/\u003eAll the inks out today are fresh from very specific suppliers.\u003cbr/\u003eReid says: \"There's no, there's never a chance of using the same ink twice, all our inks are away from the tattoo area so they can't cross contaminate in that respect. Obviously gloves that we use, new needles per customer, all the tubes have been specifically sterilised in marked pouches, so those pouches can actually be tested to make sure they get to 134 degrees (celcius) so there's no form of cross contamination in that. Also we do spore testing once a month in the autoclave to make sure there is no spores left in the autoclave that can carry pathogens with.\"\u003cbr/\u003eReid and his colleagues believe that to be safe you need a controlled environment and he says shops are maintained like laboratories:\u003cbr/\u003e\"To have a shop in this country basically you have to be health registered with the local authority, basically what that consists of is you have to have sterilisation equipment that is to hospital standard, you have to also be aware and done courses in pathogens, blood transfer, blood spillage and also you know, have a knowledge of first aid.\" \u003cbr/\u003eThe face taking shape on McLaren's arm is the result of over six hours of tattooing, it'll be around another ten to fifteen hours before it's completed.\u003cbr/\u003eMcLaren knows people who have bought online tattooing kits, but he was keen to ensure that his would be done safely.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says: \"It's just done professionally really, there (are) no dangers, no risk and (you) get the job done properly really.\"\u003cbr/\u003eBut not everyone is this strict, or as well informed about hygiene regimes.\u003cbr/\u003eNot all hospitals around the world are as scrupulous and illegal drug users who share needles have long been at risk of most diseases of the blood.\u003cbr/\u003eThe World Health Organisation (WHO) says people at risk include: \"People undergoing invasive medical procedures and therapeutic injections where there is poor infection control.  Also at risk are those exposed to contaminated injecting and skin piercing equipment, including through injecting drug use, tattooing and body piercing.\"\u003cbr/\u003eIt's why there are an estimated 130 to 150 million people with the disease worldwide.\u003cbr/\u003eThe WHO guidance issued on Wednesday aims to help countries to improve treatment and care for hepatitis and thereby reduce deaths from liver cancer and cirrhosis.\u003cbr/\u003eThe organisation wants countries to introduce the guidelines as part of their national treatment programmes, they include nine key recommendations such as increasing the number of people who are screened for hepatitis C and introducing counselling for people with a moderate, or high alcohol consumption.\u003cbr/\u003eThe WHO says:  \"WHO recommends a screening test for those considered at high risk of infection, followed by another test for those who screen positive, to establish whether they have chronic hepatitis C infection. Rates of new hepatitis C infections remain unacceptably high in many countries because of the reuse of injection equipment and lack of screening of blood transfusions.\"\u003cbr/\u003eWHO describes newly licensed drugs in the European and US markets as \"game changers.\"\u003cbr/\u003eNon government organisations like the charity Medicins Sans Frontieres are already looking at how to expand their programmes to treatments for hepatitis C.\u003cbr/\u003eInfectious diseases specialist Dr. Krzysztof Herboczek is developing a treatment programme at Medicins Sans Frontieres.\u003cbr/\u003eHe argues that until now the drug therapies could go on for up to a year, or more and their side effects were so debilitating that he would only give his patients in Poland an injection at weekends, so that they could have some recovery time before work on Monday.\u003cbr/\u003eHerboczek says: \"Hepatitis C is a major, but undiscovered global health threat. It's estimated that around 180-million people are infected with hepatitis C virus. If the infection is untreated it leads to chronic liver disease, liver damage, liver cirrhosis and the patients they are, they have high risk of developing liver cancer. For many years it can be undiscovered (unrecognised) the patients they have very non-specific symptoms and the symptoms they are in (the) late stage of the disease. In HIV positive patients actually the progression is much quicker.\" \u003cbr/\u003eMost people, he argues, will not even discover that they have the disease:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The problem is that only 40 percent of human population have access to diagnostics (for hepatitis C) and even less to treatment in the world.\"\u003cbr/\u003eEven the new effective drug regimes being welcomed by the World Health Organisation and doctors will initially make little difference to the majority of people even if they are diagnosed because they're just too expensive.\u003cbr/\u003eHerboczek says: \"In the USA the price for the new treatment is around 80 thousand US dollars for a three month therapy which means, because it's given one tablet per day, one tablet costs one thousand US dollars. This is too expensive, it's just unaffordable for anybody else and studies suggest that the actual cost of production of this drug is much cheaper.\"\u003cbr/\u003eMSF has a goal of ensuring that the new hepatitis C drugs come down in price to around 500 US dollars.\u003cbr/\u003eAwareness of the disease could be much better as a stroll along a London high street shows.\u003cbr/\u003eThis area is full of tattooists and people keen on getting tattoos.\u003cbr/\u003eLondoner Nicole James and her friend Amy Hursthouse haven't heard of hepatitis C.\u003cbr/\u003eJames says: \"I didn't really know much about it (hepatitis C) I kind of completely forgot that it's a needle.\"\u003cbr/\u003eVanessa Neal already has two tattoos and she says she is aware of the risks: \"Yes like blood poisoning, and I don't know all blood kind of things with dirty needles and things yes.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe WHO admits \"Hepatitis C treatment is currently unaffordable to most patients in need\" but it hopes that by elevating the importance of the disease, more will be done around the world to fight it.\u003cbr/\u003e+++EMBARGOED: Please do not publish or distribute before: 1100 GMT, 9 April 2014+++\u003cbr/\u003e++AP Television is adhering to Iranian law that stipulates all media are banned from providing BBC Persian, VOA Persian or Manoto 1 any coverage from Iran, and under this law if any media violate this ban the Iranian authorities can immediately shut down that organisation in Tehran.++\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK - 7 April 2014\u003cbr/\u003e1. Close tilt up of man having his arm tattooed\u003cbr/\u003e2. Close of tattooist Nick Reid ripping open new instrument from sterile packaging \u003cbr/\u003e3. Close of Reid\u003cbr/\u003e4. Close tilt down on sterile needle in packet\u003cbr/\u003e5. Close zoom out of Reid ripping out needle from sealed sterile packaging \u003cbr/\u003e6. Various of Reid preparing the needle \u003cbr/\u003e7. SOUNDBITE: (English), Nick Reid, tattooist, Skunx Tattoo:\u003cbr/\u003e\"There's no, there's never a chance of using the same ink twice, all our inks are away from the tattoo area so they can't cross contaminate in that respect. Obviously gloves that we use, new needles per customer, all the tubes have been specifically sterilised in marked pouches, so those pouches can actually be tested to make sure they get to 134 degrees (celsius) so there's no form of cross contamination in that. Also we do spore testing once a month in the autoclave to make sure there is no spores left in the autoclave that can carry pathogens with.\"\u003cbr/\u003e8. Close zoom out from coloured inks \u003cbr/\u003e9. Mid of Reid tattooing young man Cain McLaren, pan to tattooist working with another customer lying down\u003cbr/\u003e10. SOUNDBITE: (English), Nick Reid, tattooist, Skunx Tattoo:\u003cbr/\u003e\"To have a shop in this country basically you have to be health registered with the local authority, basically what that consists of is you have to have sterilisation equipment that is to hospital standard, you have to also be aware and have done courses in pathogens, blood transfer, blood spillage and also you know, have a knowledge of first aid.\" \u003cbr/\u003e11. Mid tilt down to Reid and McLaren \u003cbr/\u003e12. Close of tattoo being created on McLaren's arm \u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE: (English), Cain McLaren, tattoo enthusiast \u003cbr/\u003e\"It's just done professionally really, there (are) no dangers, no risk and (you) get the job done properly really.\"\u003cbr/\u003e14. Mid of Reid tattooing McLaren\u003cbr/\u003e15. SOUNDBITE: (English), Nick Reid, tattooist, Skunx Tattoo:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We ask people to fill in a consent form, when we start, when they come into the shop and obviously we hope they're honest on that. We have tattooed people with HIV and other blood borne diseases, but we treat them exactly the same. If we think every customer has hep C (hepatitis C), or hep B (hepatitis B), or hep A (hepatitis A), we work exactly the same way through it because you have to have a set way of doing it, so if you just think the worst case scenario all the time then you're prepared for it.\"\u003cbr/\u003e16. Various of infectious diseases specialist Dr Krzysztof Herboczek searching for report and sitting down to read it \u003cbr/\u003e17. SOUNDBITE: (English), Dr Krzysztof Herboczek, infectious diseases specialist, Medicins Sans Frontieres:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Hepatitis C is a major, but undiscovered global health threat. It's estimated that around 180-million people are infected with hepatitis C virus. If the infection is untreated it leads to chronic liver disease, liver damage, liver cirrhosis and the patients they are, they have high risk of developing liver cancer. For many years it can be undiscovered (unrecognised) the patients they have very non-specific symptoms and the symptoms they are in (the) late stage of the disease. In HIV positive patients actually the progression is much quicker.\" \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - NO ACCESS IRAN/NO BBC PERSIAN/NO VOA PERSIAN/NO MANOTO 1 \u003cbr/\u003eFILE: Tehran, Iran - 19 February 2011\u003cbr/\u003e18. Various of sample tubes being stored and tested in laboratory \u003cbr/\u003e19. Close of arm being swabbed before canula is inserted for transfusion \u003cbr/\u003e20. Close of blood pouch being held\u003cbr/\u003e21. Close of blood pouch attached to blood collection machine \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK - 7 April 2014\u003cbr/\u003e22. SOUNDBITE: (English), Dr Krzysztof Herboczek, infectious diseases specialist, Medicins Sans Frontieres:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The problem is that only 40 percent of human, of population have access to diagnostics (for hepatitis C) and even less to treatment in the world.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - NO ACCESS IRAN/NO BBC PERSIAN/NO VOA PERSIAN/NO MANOTO 1 \u003cbr/\u003eFILE: Tehran, Iran - 19 February 2011\u003cbr/\u003e23. Various of sample testing in laboratory \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK - 7 April 2014\u003cbr/\u003e24. SOUNDBITE: (English), Dr Krzysztof Herboczek, infectious diseases specialist, Medicins Sans Frontieres:\u003cbr/\u003e\"In the USA the price for the new treatment is around 80 thousand US dollars for a three month therapy which means, because it's given one tablet per day, one tablet costs one thousand US dollars. This is too expensive, it's just unaffordable for anybody else and studies suggest that the actual cost of production of this drug is much cheaper.\"\u003cbr/\u003e25. Various of Camden, an area of London where tattooists congregate \u003cbr/\u003e26. SOUNDBITE: (English), Nicole James, tattoo enthusiast with her friend Amy Hursthouse:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I didn't really know much about it (hepatitis C) I kind of completely forgot that it's a needle.\"\u003cbr/\u003e27. SOUNDBITE: (English), Vanessa Neal, tattoo enthusiast with her friend Laura Dunkling\u003cbr/\u003e\"Yes like blood poisoning, and I don't know all blood kind of things with dirty needles and things yes.\"\u003cbr/\u003e28. Close zoom out from tattoo sign \u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eCurator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan class=\"star-rating\" aria-label=\"3.5 out of 5 stars\" role=\"img\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci 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