{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Female infanticide in India' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bf5ed8eafeecae1429a0' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bf5ed8eafeecae1429a0' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nFemale infanticide in India\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP TelevisionMorena, Madhya Pradesh, India - April 13, 20111. Pan left of women with children at the Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre at Morena District Hospital2. Various of malnourished baby girl Shakila, sitting in her mother's lap 3....\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eMorena, Madhya Pradesh, India - April 13, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e1. Pan left of women with children at the Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre at Morena District Hospital\u003cbr/\u003e2. Various of malnourished baby girl Shakila, sitting in her mother's lap \u003cbr/\u003e3. Tilt up of another malnourished baby girl eating a biscuit, 9-month old Anjali\u003cbr/\u003e4. Various of nurse preparing fortified milk for children\u003cbr/\u003e5. Mid of woman helping baby girl drink fortified milk from the bowl \u003cbr/\u003e6. Close of 9-month old Anjali being fed by her mother Sanju\u003cbr/\u003e7. Close of Anjali\u003cbr/\u003e8. Close of notice against female infanticide on the wall reading (Hindi) \"Sons and daughters are the same, don't discriminate between them \" \u003cbr/\u003e9. SOUNDBITE: (Hindi) Sanju, mother of malnourished baby-girl Anjali:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I want a son also.\"\u003cbr/\u003eQuestion: \"Why? You are not even able to look after her.\"\u003cbr/\u003e(Sanju doesn't reply )\u003cbr/\u003eQuestion: \"Because everyone tells you to have a son?\"\u003cbr/\u003e(Sanju nodding)\u003cbr/\u003eQuestion: \"Who tells you?\"\u003cbr/\u003eSanju: \"My mother-in-law says.\"\u003cbr/\u003e10. Various of street scenes, people and cattle on road\u003cbr/\u003e11. Wide of billboard showing a woman holding a girl child, announcing a welfare scheme for girls\u003cbr/\u003e12. Mid of women sitting outside an ultrasound clinic - message written on wall behind them reading (Hindi) \"Sex determination test not done here - it is a criminal offence.\"\u003cbr/\u003e13. Wide of exterior of ultrasound clinic\u003cbr/\u003e14. Wide of doctor inside ultrasound clinic\u003cbr/\u003e15. Mid of ultra sound machine\u003cbr/\u003e16. Wide of people waiting outside clinic\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eNew Dehli, India - March 31, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e17. SOUNDBITE: (English) G.K. Pillai, Home Secretary, Government of India:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Whatever measures that have been put in over the last 40 years, has not had any impact on the child sex ratio and therefore that requires a complete review.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eMorena, Madhya Pradesh, India - April 13, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e18. Various of Dr. R.C. Bandil , Chief Medical officer of Morena District Hospital, checking on patients in the ward\u003cbr/\u003e19. SOUNDBITE: (Hindi) R.C. Bandil, Chief Medical Officer, Morena District Hospital:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The sex ratio at birth in this district is as high as 940. But it is 825 for the 0-6 group in the district. That means the babies are dying after birth - and malnutrition is the biggest reason for this.\"\u003cbr/\u003e20. Wide exterior of the maternity wing of the hospital\u003cbr/\u003e21. Mid of old women holding newborn baby girls\u003cbr/\u003e22. Close of newborn baby girl\u003cbr/\u003e23. Mid of old woman Munni holding newborn baby girl; another woman at the back saying (Hindi) that \"everyone needs a boy\"\u003cbr/\u003e24. Mid of Lalitha Gujar, nurse-in-charge, checking weight of malnourished baby girl Anjali, seen through window grille\u003cbr/\u003e25. Mid of Anjali lying on the weighing machine\u003cbr/\u003e26. Close of medicine bottles on table\u003cbr/\u003e27. Wide of Lalitha checking weight of malnourished baby girls\u003cbr/\u003e28. SOUNDBITE: (Hindi) Lalitha Gujar, nurse:\u003cbr/\u003e\"When a baby girl is born, the mother-in-law does not pick her up - I have seen this myself. Many mother-in-laws do this. The nurses go and put the babies in the crib.\"\u003cbr/\u003e29. Wide of teacher in classroom\u003cbr/\u003e30. Mid of girls in class\u003cbr/\u003e31. Mid of class\u003cbr/\u003e32. Wide of children coming down the stairs\u003cbr/\u003e33. SOUNDBITE: (English/Hindi) Father Dilip Nanda, Head of St. Mary's School:\u003cbr/\u003e\"(English) The people live in a male-dominated society and they give very little value for the girl child. (Hindi) These people do not give much importance to girls.\"\u003cbr/\u003e34. Wide of social worker Asha with villagers\u003cbr/\u003e35. Mid of villagers\u003cbr/\u003e36. Mid of village women\u003cbr/\u003e37. Close of woman\u003cbr/\u003e38. SOUNDBITE: (Hindi) Asha, social worker:\u003cbr/\u003e\"It is very difficult to break the traditions in practice for thousands of years, you can only change them gradually. There has been some sensitisation in the community. But on the other hand the lax attitude of the government means that respect for the law and its implementation is not being done properly.\"\u003cbr/\u003e39. Wide of Parveen reading a book to her 5-year old daughter Sanya\u003cbr/\u003e40. Close of book\u003cbr/\u003e41. Mid of Sanya\u003cbr/\u003e42. SOUNDBITE: (Hindi) Parveen Khan , survivor of domestic abuse and mother of two daughters\u003cbr/\u003e\"I will live. I will live for my daughters. I will look after them whatever the circumstances. I will make them strong so that what happened to me never happens to them.\"\u003cbr/\u003e43. Various of schoolgirls eating lunch\u003cbr/\u003e44. Close of girl drinking water from bottle\u003cbr/\u003e45. Mid low angle of girl smiling  \u003cbr/\u003eFemale infanticide is still a major problem in India, despite a legal clampdown.\u003cbr/\u003eNearly 10 percent fewer girls than boys survive until their 6th birthday.\u003cbr/\u003eIt's part of a continuing preference for male children over females in a country where female infanticide is still common and the government has banned doctors from revealing the sex of unborn children. \u003cbr/\u003eThe hospital ward is large and airy, the stone floors clean and cool - a welcome respite from the afternoon sun. \u003cbr/\u003eThat is until your eyes take in the horror that it holds. \u003cbr/\u003eTen severely malnourished children, nine of them girls.\u003cbr/\u003eA 21-month-old with arms and legs like twigs, an emaciated one-year-old with huge, vacant eyes. \u003cbr/\u003eWithout urgent medical care, most will not live to see their next birthday.\u003cbr/\u003eThe starving girls point to a painful reality revealed in India's most recent census: despite a booming economy, big cities full of glittering malls and luxury cars, the country is failing its female citizens.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to the census, India is now home to 17 percent of the world's people as its population climbed to 1.21 billion this year. \u003cbr/\u003eBut results show that India has only 914 girls under age six for every 1,000 boys. \u003cbr/\u003eThat's worse than a decade ago, when many were horrified that the ratio was 927 compared to 1,000 boys.\u003cbr/\u003eGender discrimination is both active, through abortions of female foetuses, and passive, through wilful neglect of young girls.\u003cbr/\u003eIndian law forbids the gender identification of unborn children, but baby girls still suffer starvation, abuse and even murder.\u003cbr/\u003eAt the Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre of the Morena District Hospital, the nurse serves a life-giving mix of fortified milk enriched with dried coconut, peanuts and sesame seeds in an attempt to help the tiny children survive.\u003cbr/\u003eSanju ,a mother of two girls, is feeding the nutritious mix to her severely malnourished 9-month-old daughter. \u003cbr/\u003eShe doesn't admit to deliberately starving the girl but only shrugs her own thin shoulders when asked why her daughter is so sick.\u003cbr/\u003eShe will try again for a son in a year or two, she says.\u003cbr/\u003e\"My mother-in-law says,\" she answers when asked why a she thinks a boy is so necessary.  \u003cbr/\u003eAccording to census data, the worst offenders are the northern states of Punjab and Haryana, both relatively wealthy regions.\u003cbr/\u003eIn Morena, a sun-baked, largely rural district in the heart of India, the numbers are more grim than almost anywhere else. \u003cbr/\u003eThe census shows that only 825 girls for every 1,00 boys in the district made it to their sixth birthdays, down from an already troubling 829 a decade ago.\u003cbr/\u003eThough abortion is not against the law in India, the country banned revealing the gender of unborn foetuses in 1994 in an attempt to stem the tide of sex-selective abortions. \u003cbr/\u003eEvery few years, federal and state governments announce new programmes and incentives - from free meals to free school education - to encourage people to take care of their girls.\u003cbr/\u003eBut a deep-rooted cultural preference for sons continues to prevail.\u003cbr/\u003eEven the government has accepted that it has failed to save millions of little girls.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Whatever measures that have been put in over the last 40 years has not had any impact on the child sex ratio and therefore that requires a complete review ,\" India's Home Secretary G.K. Pillai told reporters last month, announcing the census numbers.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Morena District Hospital insists it strictly obeys the law against using ultrasound to reveal the sex of a foetus, says R.C. Bandil who heads the facility.\u003cbr/\u003e\"The sex ratio at birth in this district is as high as 940. But it is 825 for the 0-6 group in the district. That means the babies are dying after birth - and malnutrition is the biggest reason for this,\" he says.\u003cbr/\u003eThe statistics also point to a more complex social reality.\u003cbr/\u003eIn the maternity ward of the district hospital, a wrinkled old lady walks out holding a just-born girl wrapped in a dirty rag like an unwelcome present.\u003cbr/\u003eMunni's daughter-in-law had just given birth to her sixth girl in 12 years of marriage.\u003cbr/\u003eMunni, who uses only one name, is clearly unhappy. \u003cbr/\u003e\"Everyone needs a boy,\" says another woman standing at the back as Munni nods in agreement.\u003cbr/\u003eAs a mother-in-law, Munni will likely have enormous control over her son's wife, influencing how many children she has and nudging or bullying her to bear a son.\u003cbr/\u003eAll the nine mothers of the sickly infant girls say they want sons - to look after them when they get old, because their sisters-in-law have more sons, or because their mothers-in-law are demanding male children.\u003cbr/\u003e\"When a baby girl is born, the mother-in-law does not pick her up - I have seen this myself. Many mother-in-laws do this. The nurses go and put the babies in the crib,\" says Lalitha Gujar, the nurse in charge.\u003cbr/\u003ePart of the reason Indians continue to favour sons over daughters is the enormous expense involved in marrying them off. \u003cbr/\u003eEven the poorest families are often likely to go into debt arranging marriages and paying elaborate dowries. \u003cbr/\u003eA boy, on the other hand, will one day bring home a bride and a dowry. Hindu custom also dictates that only sons can light their parents' funeral pyres.\u003cbr/\u003eAt Morena's St. Mary's School, there are four boys for every girl. \u003cbr/\u003e\"The people live in a male-dominated society and they give very little value for the girl child ,\"says Father Dilip Nanda, head of the school.\u003cbr/\u003eFor the very poor, the enormous social pressure to bear sons results in widespread neglect and maltreatment of both the baby girl and the woman who bears her, who is then forced to keep getting pregnant until she gives birth to a son.\u003cbr/\u003eIn Madhya Pradesh, where Morena is located, a government programme offers poor families with one or two daughters a few thousand rupees (a few hundred dollars) for every few years of schooling, and more than 100,000 rupees ($2,250) when they graduate from high school.\u003cbr/\u003eHundreds of rights workers run programmes across the nation to encourage communities to value their daughters.\u003cbr/\u003eBut changing age-old belief systems is not easy, says social worker Asha. \u003cbr/\u003eTales of women, rich and poor, subjected to unspeakable cruelty or abandoned for not bearing male children are not uncommon. \u003cbr/\u003e34 year old Parveen Khan is a survivor of domestic violence that left her face disfigured.\u003cbr/\u003eShe was forced to undergo three abortions when the sex of the foetus was revealed to be female. \u003cbr/\u003eAfter 17 years of suffering, she finally gathered the courage to walk out of her marriage - for the sake of her two daughters.\u003cbr/\u003e\"I will live. I will live for my daughters. I will look after them whatever the circumstances. I will make them strong so that what happened to me never happens to them,\" she says.\u003cbr/\u003eA 2007 study by the rights group ActionAid India found that gender ratios were worse in urban areas, and that sex-selective abortions were more common in wealthier and higher-caste communities, since they could afford ways to learn the gender of an unborn child.\u003cbr/\u003eSocial workers say that in subtle and not so subtle ways girls and women are subverted in millions of Indian families every day.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv 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data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' class='more btn-link' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-down ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='true' class='less btn-link' style='display: none;' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow Less\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-up ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='educator-ratings-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title sr-only' id='educator-ratings-heading'\u003eEducator Ratings\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"all-educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"educator-rating-form-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Show resource details' class='rp-show-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nShow resource details\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Video player' class='player' id='player-wrapper' role='region'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='relative container mx-auto' id='lp-boclips-visitor-thumbnail'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"block\" data-html=\"true\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-trigger=\"click\" data-content=\"\u003cdiv class=\u0026quot;text-center py-2\u0026quot;\u003e\u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/auth/users/sign_in\u0026quot;\u003eSign in\u003c/a\u003e or \u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold text-danger\u0026quot; data-posthog-event=\u0026quot;Signup: LP Signup Activity\u0026quot; data-posthog-location=\u0026quot;body_link_boclips\u0026quot; data-remote=\u0026quot;true\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/subscription/new\u0026quot;\u003eJoin Now\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\" data-title=\"Get Full Access\" data-container=\"body\" rel=\"popover\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Play video: Female infanticide in India\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"resource-img img-thumbnail img-responsive z-10 lp-boclips-thumbnail w-full h-full lozad\" alt=\"Female infanticide in India\" title=\"Female infanticide in India\" onError=\"handleImageNotLoadedError(this)\" data-default-image=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" data-src=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" width=\"315\" height=\"220\" src=\"data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs\" /\u003e\n\u003cspan aria-hidden='true' class='flex justify-center items-center bg-white rounded-full w-16 h-16 absolute top-1/2 left-1/2 -mt-8 -ml-8 cursor-pointer z-0 border-2 border-primary drop-shadow-md lp-boclips-thumbnail-playBtn'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fa-solid fa-play text-primary text-3xl ml-1 drop-shadow-xl'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n"}