{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Vatican\u0026#39;s majestic colonnades undergo makeover' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54be6ed8eafeecae13b8fc' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54be6ed8eafeecae13b8fc' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nVatican\u0026#39;s majestic colonnades undergo makeover\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eVatican - March 5, 20121. Wide of Saint Peter's square and Bernini's Colonnade2. Wide of the work site on the top of Bernini's Colonnade3. Close of the head of a statue over the colonnade on the left semi-circle4. Close of the hand of a...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eVatican - March 5, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e1. Wide of Saint Peter's square and Bernini's Colonnade\u003cbr/\u003e2. Wide of the work site on the top of Bernini's Colonnade\u003cbr/\u003e3. Close of the head of a statue over the colonnade on the left semi-circle\u003cbr/\u003e4. Close of the hand of a statue secured with a net and ropes\u003cbr/\u003e5. Medium of Guy Devreux, Director of Vatican Laboratory for Marble and Casts, talking with the restorers about the restoration project\u003cbr/\u003e6. Head of a statue over the colonnade viewed through scaffolding\u003cbr/\u003e7. SOUNDBITE (Italian) Guy Devreux, Director of Vatican Laboratory for Marble and Casts:\u003cbr/\u003e\"In this project the whole square is involved. The numbers that we are using are 140 sculptures (statues), 284 columns, and if you want a precise number of the area that is being restored we are talking about 40,000 square meters of Travertine marble to be treated.\"\u003cbr/\u003e8. Close of Devreux showing diagram of the statue of Saint Costanza \u003cbr/\u003e9. Devreux giving instructions to the restorers\u003cbr/\u003e10. Wide of two statues to be restored\u003cbr/\u003e11. Head of a statue surrounded by the scaffold\u003cbr/\u003e12. SOUNDBITE (Italian) Guy Devreux, Director of Vatican Laboratory for Marble and Casts:\u003cbr/\u003e\"one of the principal reasons that we had to face this job was that we were realizing that portions of sculptures or parts of sculptures were at risk of falling down below, and hitting visitors and pilgrims to the Vatican. So in the beginning we did a big emergency operation to verify the state of the sculptures and to remove all the parts that were at risk of falling.\"\u003cbr/\u003e13. Wide of the scaffolding on Bernini's Colonnade\u003cbr/\u003e14. Wide of the restorer Alessio Tagnani brushing the base of the statue of Saint Costanza to remove biological attachments (algae, lichen, mould) \u003cbr/\u003e15. Mid of Tagnani removing old stucco pieces from a statue with an electric chisel\u003cbr/\u003e16. Close-up of Tagnani removing crust and pieces of stucco from a statue with an electric chisel\u003cbr/\u003e17.  SOUNDBITE (Italian) Alessio Tagnani, Restorer: \u003cbr/\u003e\"We do not proceed with a total removal, instead we distinguish the original stucco, the antique ones, we take samples that we analyze that will give us a confirmation of what we have found and believe to be here. Following these studies we proceed with the cleaning, using mechanical methods, chemical methods putting on a compress, or with a hammer and scalpel or with abrasives, for example micro-sanders when we cannot use methods that are more aggressive.\"\u003cbr/\u003e18. Close of the restorer Alessio Tagnani showing earlier restored parts on a statue\u003cbr/\u003e19. Mid of Tagnani at work\u003cbr/\u003e20. Close of a restorer indicating on a diagram the parts to restore of the statue of Saint Costanza\u003cbr/\u003e21. SOUNDBITE: (Italian) Agnese Tringali, Restorer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have just set up this work site, and our first step is to do a graphic document of everything we have to restore. First, in this phase, we note the state of conservation, so we note how we found the work of art.\" \u003cbr/\u003e22. Mid of restored statue on the rim of Bernini's Colonnade\u003cbr/\u003e23. Wide of a restorer working on top of the scaffolding\u003cbr/\u003e24. Tilt down from wide of Saint Peter's Basilica to restorer restoring a column of the left semi-circle\u003cbr/\u003e25. Close-up of the restorer putting coating on a column \u003cbr/\u003e26. Wide of two restorers at work at a column of the left semi-circle\u003cbr/\u003e27. Close of restorer at work with hammer and chisel, on column\u003cbr/\u003e28. SOUNDBITE (Italian) Guy Devreux, Director of Vatican Laboratory for Marble and Casts:\u003cbr/\u003e\"It is not because a monument is so big that it is treated in a hurried fashion. The restorers that have been hired on this job are all absolutely expert in this field and they treat the surfaces of this monument exactly as they would treat a sculpture in a restoration laboratory. So it is being treated on each point on every square millimeter of the surface.\" \u003cbr/\u003e29. Various close shots of restorer removing old stucco from a column using hammer and chisel\u003cbr/\u003e30. Tilt down restored colonnade, Saint Peter's square and basilica in the background\u003cbr/\u003e31. Various of restorer spraying a chemical product on a column and dabbing at it with a sponge\u003cbr/\u003e32. Wide of the restored colonnade\u003cbr/\u003e33. Wide of the fountain on the left side of Saint Peter's square\u003cbr/\u003e34. Wide of people walking in Saint Peter's square\u003cbr/\u003e35. Low angle shot of two Swiss Guards with the work site in the background\u003cbr/\u003eThe majestic colonnades, which cradle Saint Peter's Square in the Vatican is undergoing a multi-mullion dollar restoration.\u003cbr/\u003eExperts have been working intensively over the past months to bring back the aging columns and the statues atop them to their original glory.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Vatican's famed semicircular colonnades, the masterpiece of architect and sculptor Gian Lorenzo Bernini, were built in the 1600s.\u003cbr/\u003eToday, the imposing columns, built to symbolise the embrace of the universal church, as well as the statues of the various Catholic saints on top, are encased in scaffolding and platforms as experts work to carefully renovate them.\u003cbr/\u003eMaster Guy Devreux of the Vatican Laboratory for Marble and Casts explains the size and scope of the massive project.\u003cbr/\u003eIt involves the entire piazza, meaning 140 statues that rim the square and 284 columns.\u003cbr/\u003e\"If you want a precise number of the area that is being restored we are talking about 40,000 square metres of Travertine marble to be treated,\" says Devreux.\u003cbr/\u003eOn one platform, high above St. Peter's Square and across from the Pope's bedroom window, restorer Alessio Tagnani is carefully removing mould and dirt and little pieces of stucco off of the statue of Saint Costanza.\u003cbr/\u003eTagnani is one of the team of 40 restorers who are painstakingly brushing, sponging, spackling, and chipping away at centuries of mould, lichen, algae and stucco remnants of old restoration projects.\u003cbr/\u003e\"We do not proceed with a total removal, instead we distinguish the original stucco, the antique ones, we take samples that we analyze that will give us a confirmation of what we have found and believe to be here,\" he explains.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Following these studies we proceed with the cleaning, using mechanical methods, chemical methods putting on a compress, or with a hammer and scalpel or with abrasives, for example micro-sanders when we cannot use methods that are more aggressive.\"\u003cbr/\u003eDevreux says that when the project began -- back in 2007 -- their first concern was emergency repairs.  \u003cbr/\u003eParts of statues such as the great big sculpted hands were at risk of tumbling down and hitting tourists in the square below.  \u003cbr/\u003eThe teams have now analysed all the statues and stabilised those at risk. \u003cbr/\u003eFollowing the first step, restorer Agnese Tringali explains that they prepare blueprints and diagrams of each statue they are restoring.  \u003cbr/\u003eWith each one she carefully studies the statue and makes little marks using various coloured magic markers to indicate what state the statue is in.\u003cbr/\u003eArchitect and sculptor Bernini was commissioned by Pope Alexander VII to create the Colonnade.  \u003cbr/\u003eThe project began in 1657 and lasted 10 years.  \u003cbr/\u003eDevreux points out an interesting historical note.  \u003cbr/\u003eWhen Pope Alexander VII commissioned Bernini to create the Colonnnade, the city of Rome was emerging from an epidemic of the plague in which tens of thousands of people had died.  \u003cbr/\u003eThe city was in an economic crisis and the Pope decided he wanted to build a theatrical square and give jobs to the many people who were out of work.  \u003cbr/\u003eDevreux explains that although the circumstances are significantly different, Italy is in a period of economic crisis and the multi-year project has given work to 40 restorers, in addition to other workers.\u003cbr/\u003eThe restorers clearly take great pride in the project.  \u003cbr/\u003eWhile Tagnani and Tringali concentrate their energies on the statues on the top of the Colonnade, several workers work on individual columns below, carefully rubbing off dirt and stucco, replacing old restorations and adding new ones.  \u003cbr/\u003eWith a spray and sponges they delicately pat the stucco to make sure they get the correct texture and colour.\u003cbr/\u003eDevreux says that this is the way they will progress, millimetre by millimetre.  \u003cbr/\u003eHe proudly insists that although the project comprises 40,000 square metres, each millimetre of every column will be restored using the same techniques that they would use for a famous statue in a restoration laboratory.\u003cbr/\u003eThe project will eventually include the restoration of the square, two fountains and the Egyptian obelisk in the centre.\u003cbr/\u003eThe whole project is expected to cost somewhere between 10 -20 million euros (13 - 26 million US dollars).  \u003cbr/\u003eThe Vatican has found some important sponsors including Italian power, electricity, water and phone companies, Eni, Enel Acea and Wind.  \u003cbr/\u003eFortunately for the many visitors to the Vatican, the sponsors have limited the number of large ads spread across the scaffolding around the 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