{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='San Francisco plans how to combat future flooding' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54be67d8eafeecae13b5e9' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54be67d8eafeecae13b5e9' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nSan Francisco plans how to combat future flooding\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eScituate, Massachusetts - 29 October 20121. Mid of waves in a rough sea as Superstorm Sandy hammers US East Coast2. Wide of strong waves slamming against rocks in front of sea wall 3. Mid of waves crashing into rocks of sea wall 4. Wide...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eScituate, Massachusetts - 29 October 2012\u003cbr/\u003e1. Mid of waves in a rough sea as Superstorm Sandy hammers US East Coast\u003cbr/\u003e2. Wide of strong waves slamming against rocks in front of sea wall \u003cbr/\u003e3. Mid of waves crashing into rocks of sea wall \u003cbr/\u003e4. Wide of man, woman and children on sea front in strong winds\u003cbr/\u003e5. Wide of waves crashing against rocks\u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco, California - 30 October 2012 \u003cbr/\u003e6. Wide shoreline with houses near water\u003cbr/\u003e7.  Low angle waves\u003cbr/\u003e8.  Low angle waves\u003cbr/\u003eOakland, California - 24 October 2012\u003cbr/\u003e9. Matthew Heberger entering office of the Pacific Institute \u003cbr/\u003e10. Matthew Heberger looking at USGS study of flooding using Google Earth \u003cbr/\u003e11. Close monitor showing USGS study of flooding using Google Earth \u003cbr/\u003e12. Screen capture showing USGS study of flooding using Google Earth: Blue, yellow and red areas show sea level rise relative to sea level in 2000.\u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE (English) Matthew Heberger, Research Associate, The Pacific Institute:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Well what we think what you are going to see is increased flooding, particularly during these rare events. We often talk about the 100 year flood, which has a 1 percent chance of occurring in any given year. And so people who weren't in the floodplain in the past are going to see increased flooding and people who were previously not exposed to risk are going to find themselves suddenly at risk. We have 1000 miles (1600 kilometres) of coast along the Pacific in California, another 1000 miles (1600 kilometres) around San Francisco Bay, and particularly here in the bay is where some of the impacts are the most pronounced.\"\u003cbr/\u003e14. Zoom out map of flood zone in Santa Cruz, California\u003cbr/\u003e15. Coastal flooding graphic\u003cbr/\u003e16. Graphic with names of large companies in Silicon Valley flood zone \u003cbr/\u003e17. SOUNDBITE (English) Matthew Heberger, Research Associate, The Pacific Institute:\u003cbr/\u003e\"So when you are thinking about a structure with a 30 or a 50 year life span, you know that in 30 years from now or 50 years from now it needs to be able to withstand higher wave heights, potential for flooding, things like that. And cities and counties that are responsible for land use planning along the coast are really being directed by the state and by the courts to take sea level rise and the potential for future flooding into account as they are developing city plans, general plans, land use planning, zoning all of these things. So it's becoming much more mainstream amongst planners, architects and engineers in California.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco, California - 26 October 2012 \u003cbr/\u003e18. Wide Embarcadero waterfront\u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco, California - 24 October 2012 \u003cbr/\u003e19. Various Ferry Building\u003cbr/\u003e20. Sign for Port of San Francisco\u003cbr/\u003e21. Low angle Port of San Francisco sign from interior \u003cbr/\u003e22. Wide Port of San Francisco office \u003cbr/\u003e23. Pan right architectural drawings \u003cbr/\u003e24. Tilt up drawings\u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco, California - 26 October 2012 \u003cbr/\u003e25. Pan left sign for Brannan Street Wharf \u003cbr/\u003e26. Two setup sots of Dan Hodapp, urban designer for the Port of San Francisco:\u003cbr/\u003e27. SOUNDBITE (English) Dan Hodapp, Urban Designer for the Port of San Francisco:\u003cbr/\u003e\"There are a number of studies being done around the bay that are looking at sea level rise being led by the Bay Conservation Development Commission, who is working with other regional agencies to look at the inundation that will occur in a rise in sea level. We have been looking at those studies and we've commissioned our own study to look at what it's going to look like on the waterfront at 2050 and 2100. So we're relying on that information and trying to plan for that as we go forward.\"\u003cbr/\u003e28. Sea view from behind metallic fence at Brannan Street Wharf\u003cbr/\u003e29. Various workers at Brannan Street Wharf \u003cbr/\u003e30. SOUNDBITE (English) Dan Hodapp, Urban Designer for the Port of San Francisco:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We need to put policy into place that says every project takes into account the projected level of sea level rise. We need to design our facilities for the long term. On the Brannan Street Wharf project we are doing a 75 year design life, which is longer than the typical design life for that type of a structure. That enables us to look out into the future. It's a sustainable building practice to look that far out, to know that it's going to last, so we don't have to rebuild. It also looks we're looking at the conditions that might occur at that time.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco, California - 30 October 2012 \u003cbr/\u003e31. Various San Francisco's western waterfront at Baker Beach, waves \u003cbr/\u003eSuperstorm Sandy sent a record 14-foot storm surge into New York Harbour, flooding subway tunnels and airports.\u003cbr/\u003eThe devastating event is providing invaluable data for California's urban planners and legislators who are looking at how to  protect homes and historic structures from future floods on the west coast. \u003cbr/\u003eSuperstorm Sandy hammers the US East Coast. \u003cbr/\u003eAcross the country, and surrounded by water to the north, east and west, San Francisco remains vulnerable to the whims of the weather.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd experts say that  the next 50 to 100 years are going to be very different from the previous 50 with more erratic, severe weather on its way.  \u003cbr/\u003eProjections for sea level rise are wide-ranging, but point to significant changes in shorelines and flood zones, and California's state agencies are acting upon them.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to the National Research Council, the sea level of most of California is projected to rise about one metre (three feet) by 2100, which is slightly higher than the surge projected for global sea levels. \u003cbr/\u003eAll but far northern California could experience a sea level rise of 4 to 30 centimetres (up to a foot) by 2030, 12 to 61 centimetres (up to three feet) by 2050, and 42 to 167 centimetres (up to 6 feet) by 2100. \u003cbr/\u003eIn this map, blue, yellow and red areas show the sea level rises compared to year 2000 levels.\u003cbr/\u003eMatthew Heberger is a research associate with the Pacific Institute in Oakland, which conducts studies on environmental and social issues.\u003cbr/\u003eHeberger cautions that without a more concrete approach to curbing emissions, the most dramatic scientific predictions of the effects of climate change might become a reality. \u003cbr/\u003e\"Well what we think what you are going to see is increased flooding, particularly during these rare events. We often talk about the 100 year flood, which has a 1 percent chance of occurring in any given year. And so people who weren't in the floodplain in the past are going to see increased flooding and people who were previously not exposed to risk are going to find themselves suddenly at risk. We have 1000 miles (1600 kilometres) of coast along the Pacific in California, another 1000 (1600 kilometres) miles around San Francisco Bay, and particularly here in the bay is where some of the impacts are the most pronounced,\" says Heberger.\u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco is planning ahead for a combination of higher water levels and extreme weather events that could affect coastal structures and parks, with plans for fortifying and raising existing and new structures.\u003cbr/\u003eAs a result of legislation requiring assessment every two years of the latest science relating to climate change, the state now has a rich body of research as to what may happen along the coasts.\u003cbr/\u003eFlood zone maps show that many of the areas that would be affected by extreme flooding are key business zones in Silicon Valley, located in low areas that used to be salt flats.\u003cbr/\u003e\"So when you are thinking about a structure with a 30 or a 50 year life span, you know that in 30 years from now or 50 years from now it needs to be able to withstand higher wave heights, potential for flooding, things like that. And cities and counties that are responsible for land use planning along the coast are really being directed by the state and by the courts to take sea level rise and the potential for future flooding into account as they are developing city plans, general plans, land use planning, zoning all of these things. So it's becoming much more mainstream amongst planners, architects and engineers in California,\" says Heberger.\u003cbr/\u003eAt the Port of San Francisco, which manages the city's piers, sea level rise is a concern in protecting historic structures and in construction projects on the waterfront. \u003cbr/\u003eHere, structures can be lifted, or an edge can be built around them to accommodate higher water levels.\u003cbr/\u003ePlans to rebuild the Brannan Street Wharf, located on the city's eastern shore along San Francisco Bay, were recently altered to take into account higher water levels and potential wave action. \u003cbr/\u003eArchitects sloped the wharf upwards as it extends into the water and raised the bottom of its planned outer railing, offering a total added height of about one metre (three feet). \u003cbr/\u003eAt the Brannan Street Wharf, designers tilted the structure.\u003cbr/\u003eDan Hodapp, Urban Designer for the Port of San Francisco, explains how the city is preparing for environmental changes.\u003cbr/\u003e\"There are a number of studies around the bay that are looking at sea level rise being led by the Bay Conservation Development Commission, who is working with other regional agencies to look at the inundation that will occur in a rise in sea level. We are looking at those studies and we've commissioned our own study to look at what it's going to look like on the waterfront at 2050 and 2100. So we're relying on that information and trying to plan for that as we go forward,\" Hodapp says.\u003cbr/\u003eIn addition to preparing for the effects of climate change, the Port of San Francisco is taking the environment into account in the building process, using sustainable materials that are locally sourced and have a lower carbon footprint than their alternatives. It's important to take the long view when planning coastal developments, Hodapp says.\u003cbr/\u003e\"We need to put policy into place that says every project takes into account the projected level of sea level rise. We need to design our facilities for the long term. On the Brannan Street Wharf project we are doing a 75 year design life, which is longer than the typical design life for that type of a structure. That enables us to look out into the future. It's a sustainable building practice to look that far out, to know that it's going to last, so we don't have to rebuild. It also looks, we're looking at the conditions that might occur at that time,\" Hodapp says.\u003cbr/\u003eCalifornia's beautiful coastline is one of its greatest assets, but it presents risks as the climate changes. \u003cbr/\u003eOnly time will tell if the legislators and planners will ensure whether the city can weather future storms.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details 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