{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='National tree of Malawi under threat of extinction' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54be16d8eafeecae138f6e' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54be16d8eafeecae138f6e' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nNational tree of Malawi under threat of extinction\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eMulanje Mountain - December 2007 1. Aerial shot Mulanje Mountain2. Zoom into cedar cluster3. Tilt up Mulanje cedar Tree4. Pan of cedar cluster forest5. Mulanje cedar tree stump6. Julian Bayliss inspects a Mulanje Cedar 7. SOUNDBITE...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eMulanje Mountain - December 2007 \u003cbr/\u003e1. Aerial shot Mulanje Mountain\u003cbr/\u003e2. Zoom into cedar cluster\u003cbr/\u003e3. Tilt up Mulanje cedar Tree\u003cbr/\u003e4. Pan of cedar cluster forest\u003cbr/\u003e5. Mulanje cedar tree stump\u003cbr/\u003e6. Julian Bayliss inspects a Mulanje Cedar \u003cbr/\u003e7. SOUNDBITE (English): Julian Bayliss, Conservation Biologist:\u003cbr/\u003e\"It is known that white ants - termites - don't eat the wood. So it doesn't rot and it's not attacked by termites. That's a very valuable wood in the tropics\"\u003cbr/\u003e8. Tilt up to felled Mulanje cedar\u003cbr/\u003e9. Various Mulanje cedar being sawed\u003cbr/\u003e10. SOUNDBITE (Chichewa): Winston Steve, Pit Sawyer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I am worried about the destruction of the cedar trees up here. The government is involved in corrupt practices where sawyers pay off officials to chop cedar trees without following regulations. Secondly there's the problem of those chopping down trees without any licence, and there is also a problem of cedar timber thieves. The babies being born now won't even know the cedar by the time they grow up.\"\u003cbr/\u003e11. Cedar log being hauled carried down the mountain\u003cbr/\u003e12. Various cedar logs for sale\u003cbr/\u003e13. Carl Bruessow driving\u003cbr/\u003e14. Carl Bruessow pulls up in his pick up\u003cbr/\u003e15. Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust  (MMCT) sign\u003cbr/\u003e16. SOUNDBITE (English): Carl Bruessow, Director, Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The deterioration of the forests is increasing, it's more severe, and unless we are able to turn the management situation around, those small forests will either simply disappear, or get to the point which they are no longer ecologically viable.\"\u003cbr/\u003e17. Duncan Masonje walks by\u003cbr/\u003e18. SOUNDBITE (English): Duncan Masonje, Mulanje District Forestry Officer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have already pushed out some three or four officers who allegedly were involved, though not proven guilty. So we are trying as much as hard to discourage corruption practices within the Forestry Department.\"\u003cbr/\u003e19. Pan from mountain to Chambe greenhouse\u003cbr/\u003e20. Chambe greenhouse seedlings\u003cbr/\u003e21. Close-up Chambe greenhouse seedlings\u003cbr/\u003e22. David Nangoma with tray of Cedar seedlings\u003cbr/\u003e23. SOUNDBITE: (English): David Nangoma, Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust Biodiversity, Research and Monitoring Programme Officer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We estimate, not necessarily giving a hard concrete number, but at least 30% of survival is registered.\"\u003cbr/\u003e24. Frost-damaged Mulanje Cedar\u003cbr/\u003e25. Fire-damaged Mulanje Cedar\u003cbr/\u003e26. Cedar saplings being examined\u003cbr/\u003e27. A small Mulanje Cedar dwarfed by three mature Mulanje Cedars\u003cbr/\u003e37. Wide Mount Mulanje\u003cbr/\u003eThe national tree of the Central African state of  Malawi could soon be extinct according to conservationists.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust says numbers of the Mulanje Cedar have decreased by 40% in the last 10 years. \u003cbr/\u003eThe endangered tree is valuable to loggers because it does not rot or fall prey to termites. \u003cbr/\u003eIn South East Malawi, rising out of the Phalombe plains, is the Mount Mulanje Forest Reserve, measuring 22 by 26 kilometres (13.7 x 16 miles).\u003cbr/\u003eThe mountain reserve is home to Malawi's national tree - the Mulanje Cedar.\u003cbr/\u003eThe tree is endemic to this mountain and adds to the rich biodiversity of the small remnant pockets of forest. \u003cbr/\u003eThese remnant forests are known as Cedar Clusters and are found on the mountain plateau. \u003cbr/\u003eBut the Mulanje Cedar is on the World Conservation Union endangered red list, significantly because of logging. \u003cbr/\u003eConservation Biologist, Julian Bayliss, is based at Mount Mulanje. \u003cbr/\u003eHe says that the Mulanje Cedar is a highly sought after for its timber because it does not rot or get eaten by termites.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to Bayliss, there was a 40% loss of cedars between 1989 and 2004.\u003cbr/\u003eThe cedar is disappearing because of fires, aphids, alien species invasion and logging.\u003cbr/\u003eFrom June to November pit sawyers operate around the Mount Mulanje plateau, some are legal, others not. \u003cbr/\u003eLicences are issued by the Forestry Department, as with this operation found near Thuchila.\u003cbr/\u003eBut there is very little enforcement or control of timber operations.\u003cbr/\u003eOnly dead trees are allowed to be cut, yet in practice many live trees are being felled.\u003cbr/\u003eIn addition there are concerns of corruption, as pit sawyer Winston Steve explains. \u003cbr/\u003eHe says the government is involved in corrupt practices where sawyers pay off officials to chop cedar trees without following regulations.\u003cbr/\u003eSteve adds that some loggers fell the cedars without having a licence to do so. Wood from the trees is also prone to theft. \u003cbr/\u003eThe cedar logs weigh approximately 45 kilogrammes (99lbs). \u003cbr/\u003eOnce hauled down the mountain the strong and easy-to-work timber is sold to traders who use it for furniture, house roofing and boats.\u003cbr/\u003eCarl Bruessow is Executive Director of the Mount Mulanje Conservation Trust.\u003cbr/\u003eWhile Malawi Forestry Department has control over the Mount Mulanje Reserve, the World Bank-backed Trust works in a financial and technical supportive role with the aim of sustainable utilisation of the reserve.\u003cbr/\u003eBruessow says the management situation needs to be turned around.\u003cbr/\u003eDuncan Masonje is the Mulanje District Forestry Officer and says steps are being taken to address corruption in the Forestry Department.\u003cbr/\u003eAt the foot of Chambe peak on the Mulanje plateau is one of Mount Mulanje Conservation Trust's two greenhouses.\u003cbr/\u003eInside over 2000 seedlings will be ready to be planted in areas where cedars used to grow, following nine months of nursery growth.\u003cbr/\u003eBut the Mulanje Cedar is a fragile tree and its success rate is low.\u003cbr/\u003eDavid Nangoma is the Mount Mulanje Conservation Trust Biodiversity, Research and Monitoring Programme Officer and his duties include the Cedar Sapling programme. \u003cbr/\u003eApproximately 78,000 seedlings have been raised since 2003,  Nangoma estimates that only 30% will survive. \u003cbr/\u003eConservation Biologist Julian Bayliss puts the survival rate up to cloning age - 30 years old - at between 0.01% and 1%.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Mulanje Cedar also falls prey to frost and fires.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Mount Mulanje Conservation Trust aims to increase seedling planting to 50,000 a year.\u003cbr/\u003eFurther hope lies with a public-private partnership now in the making between the Forestry Department and the Mount Mulanje Conservation Trust.\u003cbr/\u003eThis could lead to more effective conservation 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