{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Easy to grow seeds make excellent fuel source' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54be0ed8eafeecae138bd0' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54be0ed8eafeecae138bd0' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nEasy to grow seeds make excellent fuel source\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP TelevisionLusaka, Zambia - 17 March, 20111. Close up of jatropha fruit growing on bush, hand coming up to pick it 2. Biofuel producer Thomson Sinkala opening jatropha fruit to reveal oil-rich seeds3. One of Sinkala's workers picking...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eLusaka, Zambia - 17 March, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e1. Close up of jatropha fruit growing on bush, hand coming up to pick it \u003cbr/\u003e2. Biofuel producer Thomson Sinkala opening jatropha fruit to reveal oil-rich seeds\u003cbr/\u003e3. One of Sinkala's workers picking jatropha fruits\u003cbr/\u003e4. Wide of worker sorting jatropha seeds on Sinkala's farm\u003cbr/\u003e5. Close up of seeds being extracted from fruit\u003cbr/\u003e6. Sinkala walking through jatropha plantation\u003cbr/\u003e7. Sinkala talking on phone in plantation\u003cbr/\u003e8. SOUNDBITE (Namawanga) Thomson Sinkala, Biofuel producer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"In Zambia, I realised that from one hectare of jatropha, you can make four thousand to five thousand US dollars per year. From the honey from one bee hive you can make between 150 and 200 (US) dollars per year. From chickens, depending on whether you sell eggs or the chickens, you can make over twenty thousand (US) dollars per year. When you sum up all the different aspects to this integrated approach, what you make from jatropha is relative peanuts but it adds on to the over all economy of the system.\"\u003cbr/\u003e9. Goats roaming through Sinkala's jatropha crop\u003cbr/\u003e10. Various of goats grazing\u003cbr/\u003e11. Cow and goats eating grass\u003cbr/\u003e12. Wide of beehive\u003cbr/\u003e13. Close up bees at beehive\u003cbr/\u003e14. Worker placing jatropha seeds in oil press\u003cbr/\u003e15. Various of oil being pressed\u003cbr/\u003e16. Close up of raw oil pressed from jatropha seeds\u003cbr/\u003e17. Close up of seed by-product, later used as fetiliser\u003cbr/\u003e18. Sinkala walking through cabbage patch\u003cbr/\u003eSerenje, Zambia - 2 April, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e19. Pan of farmer Peter Sherriff driving past in his vehicle\u003cbr/\u003e20. Peter Sherriff walking from his vehicle to his jatropha plantation\u003cbr/\u003e21. SOUNDBITE (English) Peter Sherriff, Farmer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"A farmer can easily be self-sufficient in biodiesel for his tractors and diesel engines.\"\u003cbr/\u003e22. Various of goats and sheep grazing between the Sherriffs' jatropha crop\u003cbr/\u003e23. Wide of jatropha crop\u003cbr/\u003e24. SOUNDBITE (English) Peter Sherriff, Farmer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I'm getting a ton per hectare and from that we're getting approximately thirty five percent oil, which is giving us from our total crop of around about 35 tons, 40 tons. That's around about 7500 litres per annum.\"\u003cbr/\u003e25. Sherriff's workers sorting through jatropha seeds\u003cbr/\u003e26. Close up of jatropha seeds\u003cbr/\u003eLusaka, Zambia - 18 March, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e27. Farmer Roger Sherriff (the son of Peter Sherriff) examining biodiesel producing machinery\u003cbr/\u003e28. Close up machinery\u003cbr/\u003e29. SOUNDBITE (English) Roger Sherriff, Farmer: \u003cbr/\u003e\"What we've taken now is our crude oil, which is very thick, and removed all the thickness out of it,  the glycerines, to give us a very light, near to diesel viscosity. We've obviously also removed any solids and traces of water. This is now ready to put into your motor car or tractor or generator.\"\u003cbr/\u003e30. Close up of crude oil, and biodiesel in jars\u003cbr/\u003e31. Soapmaker Mel Chuundu, tilt down to glycerine by-product\u003cbr/\u003e32. Soap being cut into blocks\u003cbr/\u003e33. SOUNDBITE (English) Mel Chuundu, Soapmaker :\u003cbr/\u003e'We're trying to make the biodiesel, make it cheaper, make it more affordable, and at the same time make use of the by-products from the process rather than chucking them all over the place.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSerenje, Zambia - 2 April, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e34. Pan from Peter Sherriff to his jatropha crop\u003cbr/\u003e35. Pan of harvested jatropha seeds\u003cbr/\u003eLusaka, Zambia - 17 March, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e36. Cattle grazing in jatropha crop\u003cbr/\u003eSugar cane and palm oil are both well known sources of biofuel.\u003cbr/\u003eThe production of plants for biofuel has come under scrutiny for being hard on the environment leading to deforestation and loss of habitat for certain wildlife species. \u003cbr/\u003eIn Zambia, an experimental farm is trying to lessen the impact of biofuel production by introducing other plant and animal species at the same time. \u003cbr/\u003eWith crude oil prices at record highs, farmers around the world are always on the lookout for ways they can save money on fuel costs.\u003cbr/\u003eThe jatropha fruit contains within it several seeds which are rich in a viscous oil that can be processed to make an alternative fuel source.\u003cbr/\u003eIn the past jatropha has been hailed as a miracle plant with hundreds of different uses.\u003cbr/\u003eCritics say jatropha as a successful commercial crop remains unproven and rather than being low maintenance it needs as much input as most other plants.\u003cbr/\u003eOn this experimental farm outside Zambia's capital city, Lusaka, however, Thomson Sinkala is taking a holistic and environmentally-friendly approach to jatropha production. \u003cbr/\u003eHis pioneering ways of growing jatropha are catching on around the country.\u003cbr/\u003eSinkala is Chairman of the Biofuels Association of Zambia and says growing this crop can be lucrative.\u003cbr/\u003e\"In Zambia, I realised that from one hectare of jatropha, you can make four thousand to five thousand US dollars per year. From the honey from one bee hive you can make between 150 and 200 (US) dollars per year. From chickens, depending on whether you sell eggs or the chickens, you can make over twenty thousand (US) dollars per year. When you sum up all the different aspects to this integrated approach, what you make from jatropha is relative peanuts but it adds on to the over all economy of the system.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSinkala grazes goats and cattle between his jatropha plants to keep the weeds down and fertilise the crop. The animals are also a cash crop in themselves, as are chickens which are also peck amongst the plantation.  Instead of using pesticides on the jatropha plants, chickens eat termites and other bugs around the bushes.\u003cbr/\u003eThe jatropha shrub is poisonous and cannot eaten, but everything in between the shrubs is fair game.\u003cbr/\u003eSinkala also keeps bee hives on the plantation and honey collected from the bees, which pollinate the jatropha plants, provide an additional source of income.\u003cbr/\u003eOnce the jatropha seeds are collected, the oil is pressed from them in the first step to making biofuel.\u003cbr/\u003eThe oil is separated off and the remaining seed fibres can be used for hundreds of different things including fertiliser for the farm and vegetable patch.\u003cbr/\u003eElsewhere in Zambia, Sinkala's integrated approach to jatropha production is already being put into practice.\u003cbr/\u003eSherriff Estates comprises of two farms in northern Zambia, totalling nearly three thousand hectares.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Sherriffs run their tractors, generators, and some of their diesel vehicles on the jatropha biofuel they produce, as farmer Peter Sherriff says: \"A farmer can easily be self-sufficient in biodiesel for his tractors and diesel engines.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe Sherriffs utilise many of Sinkala's cost-saving and income-generating integrated farming methods, such as the use of livestock to control weeds on the plantation.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Sherriffs also employ inter-cropping; ground nuts are grown between the jatropha plants to provide nitrogen needed by the jatropha plants.\u003cbr/\u003eSherriff says their plantation produces a large volume of jatropha oil.\u003cbr/\u003e\"I'm getting a ton per hectare and from that we're getting approximately thirty five percent oil, which is giving us from our total crop of around about 35 tons, 40 tons. That's around about 7500 litres per annum.\"\u003cbr/\u003ePeter's son, Roger, processes the crude oil pressed from the jatropha seeds into a biofuel.\u003cbr/\u003eThis process is called transesterification. \u003cbr/\u003eRoger Sherriff explains how it is done.\u003cbr/\u003e\"What we've taken now is our crude oil, which is very thick, and removed all the thickness out of it,  the glycerines, to give us a very light, near to diesel viscosity. We've obviously also removed any solids and traces of water. This is now ready to put into your motor car or tractor or generator.\"\u003cbr/\u003eNothing is wasted in this process and the glycerine by-product of the biofuel production is used to make soap, as soapmaker Mel Chuundu says.\u003cbr/\u003e'We're trying to make the biodiesel, make it cheaper, make it more affordable, and at the same time make use of the by-products from the process rather than chucking them all over the place.\"\u003cbr/\u003eUsing Thomson Sinkala's integrated farming methodology, Zambia's farmers are discovering it is possible to have not only fuel self-sufficiency but also some food and soap self-sufficiency too.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead 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