{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='USA: ELECTRONIC IMPLANT TURNS MAN INTO CYBER HUMAN' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bcfdd8eafeecae130c24' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bcfdd8eafeecae130c24' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nUSA: ELECTRONIC IMPLANT TURNS MAN INTO CYBER HUMAN\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eEnglish/NatA cyber-human may sound like science fiction, but doctors in Atlanta, U-S, are on the  way to turning a mere mortal into one.A man has been able to control a computer by thought alone after receiving an  electronic implant...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eEnglish/Nat\u003cbr/\u003eA cyber-human may sound like science fiction, but doctors in Atlanta, U-S, are on the  way to turning a mere mortal into one.\u003cbr/\u003eA man has been able to control a computer by thought alone after receiving an  electronic implant that fused with his brain cells.\u003cbr/\u003eThe experimental technique is one which brings hope to people who are totally  paralysed, enabling them to express their thoughts or even control artificial limbs.  \u003cbr/\u003eIn the past doctors have been able to make connections between nerves in the spine or  limbs and machines.\u003cbr/\u003eBut a team of doctors at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, have made such a  connection directly in the brain.\u003cbr/\u003eThe doctors have performed two operations.  In both cases the patients' brain cells grew  into an implant, linking up with its electronics.\u003cbr/\u003eOnce the implant is in place, a patient is taught to control a cursor on a computer  screen and point at different icons.\u003cbr/\u003ePatients can make the computer voice phrases such as \"I'm thirsty\" or \"Please turn off  the light\".\u003cbr/\u003eThe patient must learn to control the strength and pattern of the electric impulses being  produced in the brain.\u003cbr/\u003eWhen this is accomplished, the patient can concentrate on a cursor, \"willing\" it to move  across the computer screen.\u003cbr/\u003eSOUNDBITE: (English)\u003cbr/\u003e\"Well, we implanted an electrode in his brain.  It's just five millimetres below the  surface.  We used factors that encouraged the brain to grow into the tip of the electrode  and once they're the tip is hollow and bridges through, holding the tip into place.   Recording wires across that tissues, and so they record the activity, which is a  reflection of his brain activity.  And then it's amplified and transmitted out. There are no  batteries, it's a power induction system, no wires to the skin.  So it should be long  lasting.  In previous studies we found the skin is not long lasting. So we then process  the signals and use them, we're training, working with him for him to control the cursor.   So it's like you, when you have a mouse and move the cursor around the screen.  We  are trying to do the same thing with him.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSUPER CAPTION: Phillip Kennedy, Emory Neuro Scientist\u003cbr/\u003eDr Kennedy said the patient is happy with the results.\u003cbr/\u003eSOUNDBITE: (English)\u003cbr/\u003e\"Well, he is certainly a lot happier now when he realised he could move the icon.  We  asked him to do it against the clock and speed it up and he realised he could do that  and was very happy.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSUPER CAPTION: Phillip Kennedy, Emory Neuro Scientist\u003cbr/\u003eThe doctors hope to be able to connect the neural signals to a muscle stimulator in the  patient's paralysed limb and have them move that limb using the same principle that  they use to move the cursor.\u003cbr/\u003eThe implants consist of two hollow glass cones, each no bigger than the tip of a  ballpoint pen.  \u003cbr/\u003eEach cone contains a tiny electrode. \u003cbr/\u003eThe doctors also insert a natural human substance that encourages nerves to grow,  extracted from the patient's knee.\u003cbr/\u003eOnce the cones are inserted into the patient's motor cortex-- the region of the brain that  controls movement-- the growth factor substances encourage brain cells to grow.\u003cbr/\u003eOver several months they spread into the cones and attached themselves to the  electrodes.\u003cbr/\u003eWhen the patient learns to think in the correct way, the electrode can be routinely  triggered sending a signal to a small transmitter-receiver placed just inside the skull.\u003cbr/\u003eSOUNDBITE: (English)\u003cbr/\u003e\"If we need to ask him questions, or if he needs to ask us something we go through the  alphabet one letter at a time.  Now there are many scanning devices like that, we can  go through the alphabet and click on, and switch one letter at a time and painfully talk.   The point of this, being able to move the cursor is that you can go around and choose  the letter of your phrases much more quickly.  And certainly if you are trying to control  muscle, and make a small movement you have to do that in a proportioned amount and  quickly.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSUPER CAPTION: Phillip Kennedy, Emory Neuro Scientist\u003cbr/\u003eThe implants are powered by a coil worn outside the skull in a cap. This induces a  small current in a transmitter-receiver placed just inside the skull. It transmits to an  amplifier in the cap, which boosts the signal and sends it to the computer. \u003cbr/\u003eIt's taken eight years to reach this stage.\u003cbr/\u003eAfter extensive research on monkeys the U-S Food and Drug Administration gave   permission for tests on up to three human subjects. \u003cbr/\u003eThe first volunteer was a woman with Lou Gehrig's disease. \u003cbr/\u003eShe received the implants 18 months ago and has since died of her disease.\u003cbr/\u003eSix months ago a 57-year-old man, almost totally paralysed by a stroke, became the  second to receive the implants.\u003cbr/\u003eThe team has now been given funding by the National Institutes of Health to continue  the research with a further three patients.\u003cbr/\u003eThe doctors are confident of making progress but warn that it may be several years  before the implants can be used to give more complex commands.\u003cbr/\u003e Atlanta, Georgia and Washington D-C, USA October 15, 1998 \u003cbr/\u003eWashington D-C, October 15, 1998\u003cbr/\u003e1. Various of stroke victims and paralysed individuals\u003cbr/\u003eAtlanta, Georgia\u003cbr/\u003e2. Exterior of Emory University where medical team is based \u003cbr/\u003e3. Set up shot of Doctor Kennedy \u003cbr/\u003e4. SOUNDBITE: (English) Phillip Kennedy, Emory Neuro Scientist\u003cbr/\u003e5.  Graphic showing process\u003cbr/\u003e6. SOUNDBITE: (English)  Phillip Kennedy, Emory Neuro Scientist\u003cbr/\u003e7. Cutaway of Kennedy\u003cbr/\u003e8. SOUNDBITE: (English) Phillip Kennedy, Emory Neuro Scientist\u003cbr/\u003e9. Sign of Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Centre where operations have been done \u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eCurator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan class=\"star-rating\" aria-label=\"3.5 out of 5 stars\" role=\"img\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" 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class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eDate\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e1998\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-solid fa-language'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eAudiences\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"/search?audience_ids%5B%5D=371079\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=259\u0026amp;search_tab_id=1\"\u003eFor Teacher Use\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdd class=\"text-muted\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-lock mr5\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e2 more...\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='concepts-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='concepts-heading'\u003eConcepts\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='details-list concepts' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator' data-type='concepts'\u003egeorgia, time, north america, skin\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='concepts-toggle-buttons' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' class='more btn-link' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-down ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='true' class='less btn-link' style='display: none;' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow Less\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-up ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='additional-tags-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' 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