{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='EGYPT: PRESIDENT REFERENDUM: VOTING BEGINS' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bcc1d8eafeecae12f0bc' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bcc1d8eafeecae12f0bc' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nEGYPT: PRESIDENT REFERENDUM: VOTING BEGINS\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eEnglish/NatVoting has began in Egypt in a referendum which looks certain to re-elect President Hosni Mubarak to serve a fourth term.Opposition groups have called for a boycott, dismissing Mubarak's promises of democratic and economic...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eEnglish/Nat\u003cbr/\u003eVoting has began in Egypt in a referendum which looks certain to re-elect President Hosni Mubarak to serve a fourth term.\u003cbr/\u003eOpposition groups have called for a boycott, dismissing Mubarak's promises of democratic and economic reforms.\u003cbr/\u003eThey've called for the president to initiate direct, multiparty elections.\u003cbr/\u003eEgyptians on Sunday have been going to the polls to vote on whether President Hosni Mubarak should be allowed to serve a fourth term.\u003cbr/\u003eMubarak has been Egypt's president since 1981.\u003cbr/\u003eAlthough he has promised democratic and economic reforms, opposition groups called for a boycott of Sunday's referendum claiming  the voting process is a sham.\u003cbr/\u003eEgypt's constitution does not allow for a presidential election. \u003cbr/\u003eInstead, the elected parliament, the People's Assembly, nominates one candidate for the referendum. \u003cbr/\u003eThe 454-member house, dominated by Mubarak's National Democratic Party, surprised nobody when it chose Mubarak in July.\u003cbr/\u003eThe government has devoted considerable resources to the \"Yes\" campaign, with state television running programs singing Mubarak's praises. \u003cbr/\u003eGovernment buildings bore enormous advertisements for the president, and the two major pro-government newspapers displayed color photos of Mubarak on their front pages.\u003cbr/\u003eMubarak voted with his wife Suzanne and two sons, Alaa and Gamal, at a school near their home in the affluent Cairo suburb of Heliopolis.\u003cbr/\u003eAcross the street a crowd chanted \"Our spirit, our blood, we sacrifice for you, Mubarak.\"\u003cbr/\u003eMany claim there is genuine support for Mubarak, and that he has succeeded in making Egypt one of the more diverse and open economies in the Middle East.\u003cbr/\u003eIn international politics Mubarak has played a significant role.\u003cbr/\u003eHe pushed forward the Israeli-Palestinian peace process and prodded Libya toward surrendering the two suspects wanted for the 1988 Lockerbie bombing. \u003cbr/\u003eSOUNDBITE: (English) \u003cbr/\u003e\"The achievements are not to be belittled or discarded. The economic achievement itself is immense and if nothing else qualifies him, his economic achievements will. But I think besides his economic achievements, as I said, he has done quite a bit in restoring Egypt's regional and international relations to probably it's best in the last 50 years.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSUPER CAPTION: Dr Saad Eldin Ibrahim, political analyst\u003cbr/\u003eYet despite his successes with the economy and regional politics, opposition groups dismiss his social pledges and criticise the electoral process.\u003cbr/\u003eSOUNDBITE: (English)\u003cbr/\u003e\"Two terms in office would have been quite enough, and make it definite and final, two terms unchangeable. I think the whole world has come to this point, except us in the Arab world where presidents rule forever.\"\u003cbr/\u003eSUPER CAPTION: Mohamed El Sayed El Said, political analyst\u003cbr/\u003eThe Islamic militant group, Vanguards of Conquest, which is trying to overthrow Mubarak's government, has called for a boycott.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Don't go to ballot boxes in order to show that you reject the tyrant Mubarak,\" the group said in a statement faxed to The Associated Press.\u003cbr/\u003eBut the \"No\" vote campaign was confined to the media.\u003cbr/\u003eAnti-Mubarak posters and pamflets were conspicuously absent from the streets.\u003cbr/\u003eThe result of the ballot is expected on Monday.\u003cbr/\u003eCairo, Egypt - 26 September 1999 \u003cbr/\u003e1. Wideshot city\u003cbr/\u003e2. Man holding pro-Mubarak poster from car\u003cbr/\u003e3. People cheering from back of truck\u003cbr/\u003e4. Plane towing banner supporting Mubarak\u003cbr/\u003e5. Various crowds cheering for Mubarak\u003cbr/\u003e6. People standing outside voting booths\u003cbr/\u003e7. Various people voting\u003cbr/\u003e8. Various Mubarak supporters in car and on road\u003cbr/\u003e9. Mubarak casting vote\u003cbr/\u003e10. SOUNDBITE: (English) Dr Saad Eldin Ibrahim, political analyst\u003cbr/\u003e11. Man voting\u003cbr/\u003e12. SOUNDBITE: (English) Mohamed El Sayed El Said, political analyst\u003cbr/\u003e13. 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class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eDate\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e1999\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-solid fa-language'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eAudiences\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"/search?audience_ids%5B%5D=371079\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=259\u0026amp;search_tab_id=1\"\u003eFor Teacher Use\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdd class=\"text-muted\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-lock mr5\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e2 more...\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='concepts-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='concepts-heading'\u003eConcepts\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='details-list concepts' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator' data-type='concepts'\u003eelections, voting, egypt, africa, terms, presidential elections, economy, business, north africa\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='concepts-toggle-buttons' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' class='more btn-link' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-down ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='true' class='less btn-link' style='display: none;' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow Less\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-up ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='additional-tags-heading' 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