{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Scientists predict further risk to Arctic ice cap and upper atmosphere' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bca4d8eafeecae12e315' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bca4d8eafeecae12e315' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nScientists predict further risk to Arctic ice cap and upper atmosphere\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP TelevisionSan Francisco, California -12 December 20061. Various of computer models showing climate change in the Arctic2. SOUNDBITE (English): Bruno Tremblay, Assistant Professor, McGill University, Montreal: \"We have a decline in the...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco, California -12 December 2006\u003cbr/\u003e1. Various of computer models showing climate change in the Arctic\u003cbr/\u003e2. SOUNDBITE (English): Bruno Tremblay, Assistant Professor, McGill University, Montreal: \u003cbr/\u003e\"We have a decline in the surface area covered by sea ice of eight percent per decade for the last 30 years. So we are thinking that there's a possibility of having an ice-free Arctic at the end of the summer in the decades to come, so what we've been doing is running a couple climate global models like these are models which includes the ocean the atmosphere the sea ice and we're running those models into the future and we're trying to see what the reaction of sea ice cover is to the increase of CO2 (carbon dioxide) in the atmosphere which is a greenhouse gas.\"\u003cbr/\u003eFILE: Greenpeace VNR -No re-use/re-sale without clearance\u003cbr/\u003eArctic - Recent\u003cbr/\u003e3. Various of polar bear and Arctic ice\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco, California -12 December 2006\u003cbr/\u003e4. SOUNDBITE (English): Bruno Tremblay, Assistant Professor, McGill University, Montreal: \u003cbr/\u003e\"And what we've been finding really is that it's not going to be a steady decline like what we've been observing in the last three decades but rather you reach a point sometime when there's like a tipping point. You reach a point where it's no longer a steady decline but it's a rapid decline and you lose all your ice within a decade or so and that could be happening much earlier than it would happen if we just extrapolated this linear decrease that we've been observing in the last three decades.\"\u003cbr/\u003eFILE: Greenpeace VNR - No re-use/re-sale without clearance\u003cbr/\u003eArctic - Recent\u003cbr/\u003e4. Arctic ice\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eSan Francisco, California - 12 December 2006\u003cbr/\u003e5. SOUNDBITE (English): Bruno Tremblay, Assistant Professor, McGill University, Montreal: \u003cbr/\u003e\"So the effect that we're going to be seeing is in the Arctic less ice cover which basically means a warmer climate, loss of permafrost beach erosion on the Arctic Ocean. So there are the local effects, also like the habitat of polar bears, walruses would be affected because they need the ice as a fishing ground and a hunting ground and if you're losing your ice you're also going to have a global effect, it could influence the storm tracks, the precipitation pattern even at high altitudes, so there's a huge local effect and there's also a global effect of the loss of the sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean.\"\u003cbr/\u003eFILE: Greenpeace VNR - No re-use/re-sale without clearance\u003cbr/\u003eArctic - Recent\u003cbr/\u003e6. Arctic ice\u003cbr/\u003eScientists warned on Monday that the Arctic ice is vanishing at a much faster rate than has previously been measured.\u003cbr/\u003eIt's being seen as another sign of global warming.\u003cbr/\u003eThe ice has been shrinking steadily over the past 30 years, but now scientists say there's a possibility of an ice-free Arctic in the next few decades.\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have a decline in the surface area covered by sea ice of 8 percent per decade for the last 30 years,\" said Assistant Professor Bruno Tremblay, of McGill University in Montreal, \u003cbr/\u003e\"So what we've been doing is running a couple climate global models like these are models which includes the ocean the atmosphere the sea ice and we're running those models into the future and we're trying to see what the reaction of sea ice cover is to the increase of CO2 (carbon dioxide) in the atmosphere which is a greenhouse gas.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe findings were presented at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco.\u003cbr/\u003eIn November, Arctic ice coverage was about 800-thousand square miles (2 (m) million square kilometres) below average - the least amount of sea ice ever recorded by satellites.\u003cbr/\u003eTremblay warned the loss of the Arctic ice would have both local and global effects.\u003cbr/\u003eIt would, he said, mean a warmer climate and a loss of permafrost beach erosion on the Arctic Ocean.\u003cbr/\u003eArctic wildlife, such as polar bears and walruses, would be under threat because they needed the ice as a fishing and hunting ground.\u003cbr/\u003e\"If you're losing your ice you're also going to have a global effect,\" he said.\u003cbr/\u003e\"It could influence the storm tracks, the precipitation pattern even at high altitudes, so there's a huge local effect and there's also a global effect of the loss of the sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean.\"\u003cbr/\u003eHe said the loss of the Arctic ice could come sooner rather than later.\u003cbr/\u003e\"What we've been finding really is that it's not going to be a steady decline like what we've been observing in the last three decades, but rather you reach a point sometime when there's like a tipping point,\" Tremblay said. \u003cbr/\u003e\"You reach a point where it's no longer a steady decline but it's a rapid decline and you lose all your ice within a decade or so and that could be happening much earlier than it would happen if we just extrapolated this linear decrease that we've been observing in the last three decades.\"\u003cbr/\u003eScientists also warned that carbon dioxide emissions linked to global warming were cooling and shrinking the outermost atmosphere where the International Space Station and other satellites orbit.\u003cbr/\u003eThe thinning of the thermosphere, which begins about 60 miles (100 kilometres) above Earth and extends up to 400 miles (650 kilometres), reduces the drag on orbiting spacecraft, keeping them airborne longer. \u003cbr/\u003eBut the downside is that the lifetime of space junk is also extended, posing a threat to satellites.\u003cbr/\u003eUsing a sophisticated computer model that takes into account the solar cycle and carbon dioxide emissions, scientists estimated that the air density of the outer atmosphere declined about 5 percent over the past three decades and could decrease 40 percent by the end of the century.\u003cbr/\u003eKnowledge of how the outer atmosphere responds to carbon dioxide levels could help NASA and international space agencies time their spacecraft launches and calculate their fuel needs.\u003cbr/\u003eScientists said a less dense outer atmosphere should not affect launches in the near-term, but it could be problematic in the future with the increase of space litter.\u003cbr/\u003eResearchers have long predicted that carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas produced when fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas are burned, would cool the outer 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