{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='FORESTS PLUNDERED FOR FURNITURE FACTORIES' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bc90d8eafeecae12d988' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bc90d8eafeecae12d988' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nFORESTS PLUNDERED FOR FURNITURE FACTORIES\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eThis chunk of timber is the highly valued Burmese Padauk. Workers from Myanmar are working in the border town of Ruili to chop, and carve and sand logs from Myanmar's pristine forests in the northeast of the country. The Burmese workers...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eThis chunk of timber is the highly valued Burmese Padauk. Workers from Myanmar are working in the border town of Ruili to chop, and carve and sand logs from Myanmar's pristine forests in the northeast of the country. \u003cbr/\u003eThe Burmese workers have come to Ruili in search of work and to escape the ethnic strife in Myanmar. \u003cbr/\u003eRuili's timber mills are flourishing. In a single day, dozens of trees come to the mill as logs and are turned into luxurious tables, chairs and furniture for the newly affluent Chinese. \u003cbr/\u003eIn most areas of China, after a persistent crackdown by the authorities on the illegal timber trade, many Chinese mills are processing local, soft woods used for pulp and plywood.  \u003cbr/\u003eBut in Ruili, on the porous border with Myanmar, the hard wood logs razed from Burmese pristine forests are plundered for use in the domestic and global furniture industry. \u003cbr/\u003eThe bustling factory floor highlights the persistence of an illegal practice that is threatening the forests in South East Asia and the efforts to reduce carbon emissions.   \u003cbr/\u003eXie Wenhua, manager of this workshop in Ruili says that the proximity to the border allows the factory to acquire illegal timber easily and cheaply.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Because here we are close to Myanmar. The wood from Myanmar is cheaper when it is transported here from across the border. It's cheap, but it's still the real material. Maybe in another place, the wood is not as cheap as it is here,\" says Xie. \u003cbr/\u003eAccording to a 2003 investigation by the environmental watchdog, Global Witness, 98 percent of the timber that entered China from Myanmar was illegal.   \u003cbr/\u003eIn the last few years, China has pledged to tackle the problem of illegal logging both in China and across its borders.   \u003cbr/\u003eThe devastating impact of mass logging was a hard lesson that the country learned in 1998, after heavy flooding caused thousands of deaths and more than $25 (bn) billion US dollars in damage in the Yangtze River area.   \u003cbr/\u003eSince then, logging has been banned in the country, while authorities have rolled out an ambitious and on-going reforestation project.   \u003cbr/\u003eBut the problem of deforestation has simply shifted across China's borders in what has been dubbed the \"outsourcing of deforestation\".\u003cbr/\u003eThe challenge for environmental groups is to encourage poor families to protect rather than plunder the forests for income. \u003cbr/\u003e\"Probably the toughest issue to tackle and to solve is how do you work in communities where a single log can support a family for a year, or for multiple years,\" says Charles Bedford, Asia Pacific regional managing director for The Nature Conservancy.   \u003cbr/\u003e\"How do you figure out the set of incentives or alternative livelihoods that can sustain people and communities in the forest over time?\"   \u003cbr/\u003eThat is the case for many of the labourers at the workshop in Ruili.   \u003cbr/\u003eForced out of their villages in the on-going Kachin ethnic insurgency, many Burmese end up illegally crossing the border in search of work and economic opportunities. \u003cbr/\u003eWorkers that are often under age toil for many hours on low pay and in poor conditions. Many Burmese are doing the work that would be considered poorly paid by many Chinese. \u003cbr/\u003eAs China's middle class has boomed, the demand for luxury wood products has grown. \u003cbr/\u003eAt this jade shop in Ruili, a single chunk of tree has been carved into the shape of a lion. \u003cbr/\u003eChina's timber trade is roaring. Demand for finer timber has fuelled the clandestine imports of woods from Myanmar and other neighbouring countries.   \u003cbr/\u003eThe border between Myanmar and China is very porous, and goods and people often slip across the border bypassing customs officials. \u003cbr/\u003eAlthough some traffic might go through the heavily controlled border posts, most of it usually happens in the night, through secondary mountain roads and with the aid of local corrupt officials, according to the research of several non-governmental organisations.   \u003cbr/\u003e\"You know, the old Chinese saying, 'the mountains are high and the Emperor is far away' applies particularly well in this case,\" says Bedford, from The Nature Conservancy.   \"It's a very long way from Beijing and even the best intentions of the forestry officials in Beijing can sometimes take a long time to trickle down into enforcement at the local level.\"   \u003cbr/\u003eA narrow stretch of river divides China and Myanmar, and the southern Chinese province of Yunnan remains the main gateway for illegal timber into the country.   \u003cbr/\u003eNot far from Ruili, along the border with Myanmar, trucks loaded with huge teak and hongmu logs attest to the continued timber trade.   \u003cbr/\u003eSome of the logs are marked with Burmese symbols, or even state the origin of the tree: \"Mandalay\", an large city in central Myanmar.   \u003cbr/\u003eNumerous experiments to provide alternative sources of income have revolved around the program for Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, says Bedford.   \u003cbr/\u003eREDD is a global initiative that provides funds to encourage the cutting of emissions through good forest governance, protecting biodiversity and the rights of indigenous peoples.   \u003cbr/\u003eEven without an international agreement on carbon pricing, there are companies and countries willing to invest money into reducing carbon in the atmosphere while working with local communities to maintain the forests.   \u003cbr/\u003eChina, for example, has embarked in what some experts call as the \"largest tree-planting effort in the history of mankind\".   \u003cbr/\u003eSince 2007, around 10 billion trees each year have been planted under government programs or through voluntary actions, according to The Natural Conservancy.  \u003cbr/\u003eBy 2025, the country has pledged to plant 40 million hectares of trees.   \u003cbr/\u003eAs a result, massive replanting and community-based forestry programmes have increased China's forestry cover by 1.6 percent in 2000-2010.    \u003cbr/\u003eBut some environmental groups say that the some of the re-forestation has created a monoculture rather than the bio-diversity necessary for China's ecological systems. \u003cbr/\u003e\"The problem is substituting virgin, really high quality, ecologically diverse forest for a monoculture in places where maybe it shouldn't be here in China,\" says Bedford.   \"So that's the trade-off, so what you trade really is quantity for quality.\"  \u003cbr/\u003eDeforestation is thought to account for up to 20 percent of C02 released into the atmosphere, as much as that emitted by all the world's cars, trucks, trains, planes and ships combined.   \u003cbr/\u003eConservation groups like Rights and Resources Initiative are therefore pushing for next month's U.N. summit in Rio de Janeiro to take seriously the REDD program and to include the issue of land rights on the agenda.   According to a report released last week by the Washington-based NGO, ensuring forest dwellers' rights over their land is vital for slowing the deforestation.  \u003cbr/\u003eFurther north in Yunnan province, in Houqiao, in another borderlands area, rice grows in fields that were once pristine forests. \u003cbr/\u003eThe ability of the rice crops to withstand China's rainy season is unknown, which experts say could lead to serious flooding. \u003cbr/\u003eThe challenge for the communities is to turn forestry into a continuing source of income rather than a resource to plunder and uproot the ecological systems. \u003cbr/\u003eRuili, Yunnan Province, China - 25 May, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e1. Tilt up from close up to wide shot of Burmese worker planing on a piece of wood\u003cbr/\u003e2. Close up of machine going along the wood surface\u003cbr/\u003e3. Close up of hand sanding a furniture piece\u003cbr/\u003e4. Wide shot of worker sanding a furniture piece\u003cbr/\u003e5. Mid shot of worker working on sanding furniture piece\u003cbr/\u003e6. SOUNDBITE (Mandarin) Xie Wenhua, manager, Ruili furniture workshop: \u003cbr/\u003e\"Because here we are close to Myanmar. The wood from Myanmar is cheaper when it is transported here from across the border. It's cheap, but it's still the real material. Maybe in another place, the wood is not as cheap as it is here.\"\u003cbr/\u003e7. Pan from close up of low table to wide shot of furniture workshop\u003cbr/\u003e8. Close up of hands operating a drill over a furniture piece\u003cbr/\u003eBeijing, China - 30 May, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e9. Wide shot of The Nature Conservancy offices with Charles Bedford, Asia Pacific regional managing director talking to colleague\u003cbr/\u003e10. Close up shot of Yunnan area of China, bordering Myanmar marked on a big map\u003cbr/\u003e11. SOUNDBITE (English) Charles Bedford, Asia Pacific regional managing director, The Nature Conservancy:  \u003cbr/\u003e\"Probably the toughest issue to crack and to deal with is: how do you work in communities where a single log can support a family for a year, or for multiple years?. How do you figure out the set of incentives or alternative livelihoods that can sustain people and communities in the forest over time?\"\u003cbr/\u003eRuili, Yunnan Province, China, 25 May, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e12. Wide shot of furniture workshop with various workers\u003cbr/\u003e13. Mid shot of young worker\u003cbr/\u003e14. Close up of young Burmese worker\u003cbr/\u003e15. Wide shot of young worker sanding a furniture piece\u003cbr/\u003e16. Mid shot of Burmese working on a piece of shelving\u003cbr/\u003e17. Wide shot of furniture workers\u003cbr/\u003e18. Wide shot of furniture workshop and Burmese worker with face covered in Tanaka\u003cbr/\u003e19. Mid shot of Burmese worker sanding a chair\u003cbr/\u003e20. Wide shot of completed chairs outside furniture workshop\u003cbr/\u003e21. Wide shot of furniture shop exterior with huge lion sculpture made from a single piece of wood\u003cbr/\u003e22. Wide shot of lion sculpture with bikes and pedestrians passing by\u003cbr/\u003e23. Close up of wooden lion sculpture\u003cbr/\u003e24. Wide shot of border officials checking goods and cars at Myanmar and China border in Ruili\u003cbr/\u003e25. Wide shot of border post in Ruili\u003cbr/\u003e26. Close up of Myanmar sign at the other side of the border\u003cbr/\u003eBeijing, China, 30 May, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e27. SOUNDBITE (English) Charles Bedford, Asia Pacific regional managing director, The Nature Conservancy\u003cbr/\u003e\"You know, the old Chinese saying, 'the mountains are high and the Emperor is far away' applies particularly well in this case. It's a very long way from Beijing and even the best intentions of the forestry officials in Beijing can sometimes take a long time to trickle down into enforcement at the local level.\"\u003cbr/\u003eRuili, Yunnan Province, China, 25 May, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e28. Wide shot of river and forestry near Ruili, with Myanmar in the left and China on the right side of the river\u003cbr/\u003e29. Close up of boats in the river\u003cbr/\u003e30. Wide shot of road\u003cbr/\u003e31. Wide shot of secondary road\u003cbr/\u003e32. Close up of timber logs marked with Buddhist sign\u003cbr/\u003e31. Wide shot of truck loaded with timber from Myanmar\u003cbr/\u003e32. Close up of timber reading: 'Mandalay' as place of origin\u003cbr/\u003e33. Wide shot of timber piled at the entrance of a processing mill\u003cbr/\u003e34. Close up of logs piled at the entrance of timber mill\u003cbr/\u003eHouqiao, Yunnan Province, China, 26 May, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e35. Wide shot of peeled wood bark lying next to a road with deforestation on hillside behind\u003cbr/\u003e36. Wide shot of wood bark\u003cbr/\u003e37. Close up of bark\u003cbr/\u003e38. Mid shot of deforested mountain side \u003cbr/\u003eBeijing, China, 30 May, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e39. SOUNDBITE (English) Charles Bedford, Asia Pacific regional managing director, The Nature Conservancy\u003cbr/\u003e\"The problem is that substituting virgin, really high quality, ecologically diverse forest for a monoculture in places where maybe it shouldn't be here in China. So that's the trade-off, so what you trade really is quantity for quality.\"\u003cbr/\u003eHouqiao, Yunnan Province, China, 26 May, 2012\u003cbr/\u003e40. Wide shot of rice field with farmers working and in the background there are piles of logs \u003cbr/\u003e41. Wide shot of farmers and timber piled in the back\u003cbr/\u003e42. Wide shot of farmer walking near piles of timber\u003cbr/\u003e43. Pan from left to right, wide shot of Burmese timber piled high near village with rice crop growing near by in what was once forested areas \u003cbr/\u003e44. Wide shot of tree roots near the road\u003cbr/\u003e45. Close up of tree root and piles of timber, focus changes\u003cbr/\u003eTrucks of illegally logged timber continue to pour across the border from Myanmar to China, despite efforts by Beijing to halt the process. \u003cbr/\u003eThe challenge for environmental groups is to help communities to preserve rather than plunder the forests. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details 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class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title sr-only' id='educator-ratings-heading'\u003eEducator Ratings\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"all-educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"educator-rating-form-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Show resource details' class='rp-show-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nShow resource details\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Video player' class='player' id='player-wrapper' role='region'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='relative container mx-auto' id='lp-boclips-visitor-thumbnail'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"block\" data-html=\"true\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-trigger=\"click\" data-content=\"\u003cdiv class=\u0026quot;text-center py-2\u0026quot;\u003e\u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/auth/users/sign_in\u0026quot;\u003eSign in\u003c/a\u003e or \u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold text-danger\u0026quot; data-posthog-event=\u0026quot;Signup: LP Signup Activity\u0026quot; data-posthog-location=\u0026quot;body_link_boclips\u0026quot; data-remote=\u0026quot;true\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/subscription/new\u0026quot;\u003eJoin Now\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\" data-title=\"Get Full Access\" data-container=\"body\" rel=\"popover\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Play video: FORESTS PLUNDERED FOR FURNITURE FACTORIES\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"resource-img img-thumbnail img-responsive z-10 lp-boclips-thumbnail w-full h-full lozad\" alt=\"FORESTS PLUNDERED FOR FURNITURE FACTORIES\" title=\"FORESTS PLUNDERED FOR FURNITURE FACTORIES\" onError=\"handleImageNotLoadedError(this)\" data-default-image=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" data-src=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" width=\"315\" height=\"220\" src=\"data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs\" /\u003e\n\u003cspan aria-hidden='true' class='flex justify-center items-center bg-white rounded-full w-16 h-16 absolute top-1/2 left-1/2 -mt-8 -ml-8 cursor-pointer z-0 border-2 border-primary drop-shadow-md lp-boclips-thumbnail-playBtn'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fa-solid fa-play text-primary text-3xl ml-1 drop-shadow-xl'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n"}