{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='The lasting legacy of US Embassy siege, 35 years on' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bc48d8eafeecae12b747' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bc48d8eafeecae12b747' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nThe lasting legacy of US Embassy siege, 35 years on\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eIt is thirty-five years since Iranian students stormed the US Embassy in Tehran, taking dozens of Americans hostage.It sparked one of the greatest diplomatic crises of the 20th Century.In the grip of revolutionary fervour, Iranian...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eIt is thirty-five years since Iranian students stormed the US Embassy in Tehran, taking dozens of Americans hostage.\u003cbr/\u003eIt sparked one of the greatest diplomatic crises of the 20th Century.\u003cbr/\u003eIn the grip of revolutionary fervour, Iranian students storm the US Embassy - and take 63 Americans hostage.\u003cbr/\u003eThousands assemble outside the building, burning American flags and setting effigies of \"Uncle Sam\" alight, while hundreds occupy the embassy grounds, and refuse to leave. \u003cbr/\u003eIt's 4 November 1979, and the culmination of months of public protests against the United States - and it's relationship with the fallen Shah regime. \u003cbr/\u003eJust nine months before, the Islamic Revolution ousts Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi after years of brutality, corruption and autocracy at the hands of the regime.\u003cbr/\u003eDespite vast oil reserves and the US handing over hundreds of millions of dollars during the Shah's regime, the country's economy is in freefall. \u003cbr/\u003eFirebrand cleric Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the father of the revolution, returns from exile, seizes power and declares the US the \"Great Satan.\" \u003cbr/\u003eIn October 1979, US President Jimmy Carter allows the exiled shah into the US for medical treatment, angering Iranian politicians who demanded the Shah stand trial.\u003cbr/\u003eCarter refuses their demands and a month later the students storm the embassy and a new diplomatic crisis begins. \u003cbr/\u003eSome women are released after several days, but for the others, they are looked on with suspicion and called spies by their captors.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Here was not an embassy, it was a CIA centre, this was a den of espionage, where they were plotting against the Iranian people,\" one student spokesperson tells the media. \u003cbr/\u003eAmerica disputes the claim.\u003cbr/\u003eJim Phillips, is a Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs at the Heritage Foundation.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says the hostage crisis fundamentally changed relations between the US and Iran for good. \u003cbr/\u003e\"Well I think the hostage crisis convulsed both capitals and Washington and Tehran would never be the same afterwards, I think unfortunately Iran learned the lesson that terrorism works, that seizing hostages allowed it to manipulate its own internal political processes and allowed Ayatollah Khomeini's Islamist radicals to consolidate a stranglehold over Iranian politics, and i think in the US, for the US, the hostage crisis was the first brush up against radical Islamism and the use of terrorism against Americans.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe hostage crisis might have shocked the world, but serves to illustrate how deep the feeling of resentment was towards US-Iran relations in the time of the Shah. \u003cbr/\u003eHere he is seen with the US Ambassador to Iran William H Sullivan in January 1979 - just a month before the revolution. \u003cbr/\u003eTies to the Shah regime ran deep, the US propped up the Shah during his 25 years in power, pouring money into the country and helping to set up the much hated Iranian intelligence agency.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd despite the Iranian government's worsening human human rights record and crackdown on democracy in the 1970s, the US publicly stands by Pahlavi. \u003cbr/\u003eThe irony is not lost that when President Jimmy Carter visits Iran in December 1977, he declares, \"Iran, under the great leadership of the shah, is an island of stability.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAs the hostage crisis continues, various deals are attempted to secure the release of those being held.\u003cbr/\u003eThe UN Secretary General, Dr Kurt Waldheim visits just after Christmas in 1979, and in January 1980, President Abdolhassan Bani-Sadr announces Ayatollah Khomeini has agreed to the release of the hostages in return for a US statement admitting wrongdoing for supporting the Shah's regime.\u003cbr/\u003eA United Nations Commission arrives in Tehran to start hearings into the Shah's relationship with the US - but before they begin, Khomeini rules out releasing the hostages until a new parliament met. \u003cbr/\u003ePhillips says the lack of progress was exasperated by Iranian power struggles. \u003cbr/\u003e\"One of the conditions that prevented a quick conclusion of the hostage crisis is still prevalent in Iran today and that is the existence of rival power structures jockeying for power within Iran and every time an agreement was reached between the Carter administration and Iranian government officials, it was undermined by Iranian revolutionary figures,\" says Phillips.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Ayatollah Khomeini repeatedly undercut negotiations for his own ideological purposes and I think we see the Supreme Leader Ali Khameini doing that today with the Iran nuclear negotiations.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAs Iran's politicians tried to agree on a course of action, the US takes matters into its own hands.\u003cbr/\u003eIn April 1980, an attempt by US commandos to free the hostages ends in failure, when the helicopter they are travelling in crashes into a C-130 transport plane in the Iranian desert, killing eight American servicemen.\u003cbr/\u003eThe hostages are split-up and moved to different locations to try and limit the possibility of other rescue missions.\u003cbr/\u003eA massive blow to the Iranian students comes in July 1980 when the Shah dies of cancer in hospital in Egypt. \u003cbr/\u003eHe is given a state funeral in Cairo by President Sadat.\u003cbr/\u003eIn Tehran, the students still have massive public support - and the Shah's death sparks more anti-American street protests. \u003cbr/\u003eAfter 444 days in captivity, in January 1981, the remaining 52 American hostages are released - but the political fallout has been huge.\u003cbr/\u003eWashington froze billions of dollars in Iranian assets stored in the United States and ended diplomatic relations with Iran. \u003cbr/\u003eIn the 1980s the US provides Iraq's president Saddam Hussein with support during the Iran-Iraq war.\u003cbr/\u003eWhile the Iran-backed Lebanese Shiite militant group, Hezbollah, carry out attacks on US targets including the 1983 bombings of the US embassy in Beirut and the Beirut barracks of the US Marine Corps which kills more than 250 Americans. \u003cbr/\u003eThe US continues to accuse Iran of sponsoring attacks by militant groups across the world and in 2001 President George W. Bush includes Iran in his \"Axis of Evil\" after the 9/11 attacks.\u003cbr/\u003eBarack Obama takes office in 2009 after raising the possibility of sitting down with Iranian leaders without preconditions, and talks centreing around Iran's nuclear enrichment programme begin - though it turns out to be the first of many. \u003cbr/\u003ePromising a new course of moderation, Hassan Rouhani becomes Iran's new president in August 2013. \u003cbr/\u003eHe exchanges letters with Obama, raising hopes for a nuclear breakthrough. \u003cbr/\u003eHe makes a series of public statements suggesting a new flexibility in talks with the West.\u003cbr/\u003eEven so, Phillips say the two countries remain ideologically opposed. \u003cbr/\u003e\"The US and Iran remain ideological enemies, although there's not that much recognition in Washington of the fact, but Ayatollah Khomeini still calls the US 'The Great Satan' and he still fears improved relations with the US because he sees American values as a threat to the pure Islam he wants for young Iranians,\" says Phillips.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd the US Embassy siege still holds great sway over the Iranian public.\u003cbr/\u003eProtests occur every year outside the former embassy compound to mark the anniversary.\u003cbr/\u003e++AP Television is adhering to Iranian law that stipulates all media are banned from providing BBC Persian or VOA Persian any coverage from Iran, and under this law if any media violates this ban the Iranian authorities can immediately shut down that organisation in Tehran.++\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - November 1979\u003cbr/\u003e1. People climbing wall into US Embassy compound\u003cbr/\u003e2. Gunman firing\u003cbr/\u003e3. Sign reading: (English) \"US can not do anything\"\u003cbr/\u003e4. Pan across crowd outside embassy \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - November 1979\u003cbr/\u003e5. Wide of crowds outside embassy chanting\u003cbr/\u003e6. Mid of placard showing picture of Ayatollah Khomeini, in crowd outside embassy\u003cbr/\u003e7. Zoom out of flag being burned outside embassy\u003cbr/\u003e8. Pull out of large poster of Ayatollah Khomeini to crowd chanting below\u003cbr/\u003e9. Pull out of mullahs and religious leaders sitting with crowds inside embassy grounds\u003cbr/\u003e10. Various of blindfolded hostages\u003cbr/\u003e11. Pan across news conference held by Iranian students who stormed the US Embassy in 1979\u003cbr/\u003e12. Various of photographs of embassy workers being shown\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - Exact date unknown\u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE (English) Student spokesperson (unknown name): \u003cbr/\u003e\"Here was not an embassy, it was a CIA centre, this was a den of espionage, where they were plotting against the Iranian people.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE -Tehran, Iran - Exact date unknown\u003cbr/\u003e14. Tracking shot of female hostages arrive and greet male hostages at news conference \u003cbr/\u003e15. Mid of cameras, pan to hostages\u003cbr/\u003e16. Mid of Joan Walsh, UPSOUND: (English) \"My name is Joan Walsh, W-A-L-S-H, I'm from Utah. I was a political secretary and I'm 33.\"\u003cbr/\u003e17. Wide of news conference\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eWashington DC, USA - 30 October 2014\u003cbr/\u003e18. Tracking shot of Jim Phillips, Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs at the Heritage Foundation, walking along corridor \u003cbr/\u003e19. SOUNDBITE (English) Jim Phillips, Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs at the Heritage Foundation:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Well I think the hostage crisis convulsed both capitals and Washington and Tehran would never be the same afterwards. I think unfortunately Iran learned the lesson that terrorism works, that seizing hostages allowed it to manipulate its own internal political processes and allowed Ayatollah Khomeini's Islamist radicals to consolidate a stranglehold over Iranian politics, and I think in the US, for the US, the hostage crisis was the first brush up against radical Islamism and the use of terrorism against Americans.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - 1 January 1979\u003cbr/\u003e20. Various of Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and US Ambassador William H Sullivan walking in gardens\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - January 1980\u003cbr/\u003e21. Various of meeting between UN Secretary General Dr Kurt Waldheim and Iranian Foreign Minister Sadegh Ghotbzadeh\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - Exact date unknown 1980\u003cbr/\u003e22. Various of UN delegation arriving in Tehran \u003cbr/\u003e23. Mid of UN flag\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eWashington DC, USA - 30 October 2014\u003cbr/\u003e24. SOUNDBITE (English) Jim Phillips, Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs at the Heritage Foundation:\u003cbr/\u003e\"One of the conditions that prevented a quick conclusion of the hostage crisis is still prevalent in Iran today and that is the existence of rival power structures jockeying for power within Iran and every time an agreement was reached between the Carter administration and Iranian government officials, it was undermined by Iranian revolutionary figures. Ayatollah Khomeini repeatedly undercut negotiations for his own ideological purposes and I think we see the Supreme Leader Ali Khameini doing that today with the Iran nuclear negotiations.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Exact location unknown, Iran - April 1980\u003cbr/\u003e25. Wide of Iranian plane\u003cbr/\u003e26. Various of bodies being unloaded from plane\u003cbr/\u003e27. Various of alleged American rescue plans, maps and ID cards recovered from fallen plane\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Cairo, Egypt - July 1980\u003cbr/\u003e28. Various of the funeral of Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - July 1980\u003cbr/\u003e29. Various of demonstrations in Tehran after the death of the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi \u003cbr/\u003e30. Crowd throwing their fists in the air\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - 4 November 2013\u003cbr/\u003e31. Various of anti US protest\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eWashington DC, USA - 30 October 2014\u003cbr/\u003e32. SOUNDBITE: (English) Jim Phillips, Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs at the Heritage Foundation:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The US and Iran remain ideological enemies, although there's not that much recognition in Washington of the fact, but Ayatollah Khomeini still calls the US 'The Great Satan' and he still fears improved relations with the US because he sees American values as a threat to the pure Islam he wants for young Iranians.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television - No Access BBC Persian/No Access VOA Persian/No Access Manoto 1\u003cbr/\u003eFILE - Tehran, Iran - 4 November 2013\u003cbr/\u003e33. Various of anti US protest\u003cbr/\u003e34. 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data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' class='more btn-link' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-down ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='true' class='less btn-link' style='display: none;' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow Less\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-up ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='educator-ratings-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title sr-only' id='educator-ratings-heading'\u003eEducator Ratings\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"all-educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"educator-rating-form-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Show resource details' class='rp-show-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nShow resource details\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Video player' class='player' id='player-wrapper' role='region'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='relative container mx-auto' id='lp-boclips-visitor-thumbnail'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"block\" data-html=\"true\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-trigger=\"click\" data-content=\"\u003cdiv class=\u0026quot;text-center py-2\u0026quot;\u003e\u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/auth/users/sign_in\u0026quot;\u003eSign in\u003c/a\u003e or \u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold text-danger\u0026quot; data-posthog-event=\u0026quot;Signup: LP Signup Activity\u0026quot; data-posthog-location=\u0026quot;body_link_boclips\u0026quot; data-remote=\u0026quot;true\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/subscription/new\u0026quot;\u003eJoin Now\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\" data-title=\"Get Full Access\" data-container=\"body\" rel=\"popover\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Play video: The lasting legacy of US Embassy siege, 35 years on\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"resource-img img-thumbnail img-responsive z-10 lp-boclips-thumbnail w-full h-full lozad\" alt=\"The lasting legacy of US Embassy siege, 35 years on\" title=\"The lasting legacy of US Embassy siege, 35 years on\" onError=\"handleImageNotLoadedError(this)\" data-default-image=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" data-src=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" width=\"315\" height=\"220\" src=\"data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs\" /\u003e\n\u003cspan aria-hidden='true' class='flex justify-center items-center bg-white rounded-full w-16 h-16 absolute top-1/2 left-1/2 -mt-8 -ml-8 cursor-pointer z-0 border-2 border-primary drop-shadow-md lp-boclips-thumbnail-playBtn'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fa-solid fa-play text-primary text-3xl ml-1 drop-shadow-xl'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n"}