{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='A new test for Down syndrome' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bc00d8eafeecae1295d1' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bc00d8eafeecae1295d1' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nA new test for Down syndrome\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eLondon, UK, February 8, 20111. Close up of black and white still of Maria de Fatima Campos breastfeeding baby daughter Victoria 2. Various of Victoria and family entering their house3. Close of black and white image Victoria when she was...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eLondon, UK, February 8, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e1. Close up of black and white still of Maria de Fatima Campos breastfeeding baby daughter Victoria \u003cbr/\u003e2. Various of Victoria and family entering their house\u003cbr/\u003e3. Close of black and white image Victoria when she was a toddler\u003cbr/\u003e4. Close pan of family photographs on shelf \u003cbr/\u003e5. Close zoom out of  box of cards and game on table \u003cbr/\u003e6. Close of Maria de Fatima Campos \u003cbr/\u003e7. Close of Victoria who has Down Syndrome\u003cbr/\u003e8. Tilt down from Richard Davis playing at table with his daughter Victoria \u003cbr/\u003e9. SOUNDBITE: (English), Maria de Fatima Campos, Victoria's mother  \u003cbr/\u003e\"That is life isn't it?  You never know, you have children you have all those plans and sometimes you hear so many stories about other people's children, so I'm very happy and proud of what I have I wouldn't imagine life without Victoria. I can't imagine.\"\u003cbr/\u003e10. Close of Victoria playing board game \u003cbr/\u003e11. Close of counters on game board\u003cbr/\u003e12. Close zoom out of Victoria kissing mother \u003cbr/\u003e13. Close of father Richard Davis\u003cbr/\u003e14. Mid shot of Fatima Campos drawing and Victoria watching \u003cbr/\u003e15. . SOUNDBITE: (English), Richard Davis, Victoria's father \u003cbr/\u003e\"Out of the foetuses that miscarry, 75% of those children had nothing wrong with them, at all. So it's not something to be done lightly.\u003cbr/\u003eI think what people need to decide is whether they want a child, or not.\"\u003cbr/\u003eLondon, UK, February 1, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e16. Close up of blood sample being taken \u003cbr/\u003e17. Close of hand being clenched\u003cbr/\u003e18. Close of blood in syringe \u003cbr/\u003e19. Close of Pherenice Worsey-Buck having sample taken\u003cbr/\u003e20. Various of researcher taking blood into laboratory, processing it and putting it in centrifuge  \u003cbr/\u003e21. SOUNDBITE: (English), Professor Kypros Nicoliades, Harris Birthright Centre, King's College Hospital, London \u003cbr/\u003e\"You have two serious problems there, with that strategy that decides on whether to have an amniocentesis based on age. The first problem is that a lot of women have an amniocentesis and secondly the vast majority of babies with Down's actually come from the group of women who are not even offered an amniocentesis.\"\u003cbr/\u003e22. Close of Pherenice Worsey-Buck and partner Mark Lee watching first ultrasound of their baby \u003cbr/\u003e23. Close of Pherenice Worsey-Buck\u003cbr/\u003e24. Mid rear shot of Worsey-Buck and Lee watching ultrasound\u003cbr/\u003e25. Close of ultrasound \u003cbr/\u003e26. Close of couple holding hands \u003cbr/\u003e27. Mid of midwife operating ultrasound\u003cbr/\u003e28. Close of Worsey-Buck and Lee watching ultrasound\u003cbr/\u003e29. SOUNDBITE: (English), Pherenice Worsey-Buck, undergoing non-invasive Down syndrome testing\u003cbr/\u003e\"First of all it was fertility and whether, or not I could get pregnant and then the next step was whether it was a viable baby and as soon as we saw that heartbeat, so it's just a step at a time and every step we're making decisions and this is just really going to help us.\" \u003cbr/\u003e30. Wide of Professor Nicoliades talking to Worsey-Buck and Lee about test results\u003cbr/\u003e31. UPSOUND: (English), Professor Kypros Nicoliades, Harris Birthright Centre, (talking to Worsey-Buck and Lee)\u003cbr/\u003e\"It is very good news today isn't it because the screen here shows you that as a woman gets older, this white line, her chance of having a Down's baby goes up (points at screen) and because you are thirty seven, there is thirty seven (points at screen), when you came in the room your risk was quite high, which is one in 160, but because the scan was very good and the baby looked normal and the blood test was also good the risk has gone down now to one in three thousand and if you follow the yellow line...\"\u003cbr/\u003e32. UPSOUND: (English), Professor Kypros Nicoliades, Harris Birthright Centre, (over close of hand talking to Worsey-Buck \u0026amp; Lee)\u003cbr/\u003e\"...your risk is less to become the same than when you were 15 years old.\"\u003cbr/\u003e33. Worsey-Buck and Lee listening to Nicoliades \u003cbr/\u003e34. Wide of Worsey-Buck and Lee watching ultrasound \u003cbr/\u003e35. Close up of baby being measured on ultrasound monitor to half zoom out\u003cbr/\u003e36. SOUNDBITE: (English), Mark Lee, wife undergoing non-invasive down syndrome testing\u003cbr/\u003e\"There's a tension, there's a build up you know to coming to hospital to having the tests to finally seeing the heart beat you know it's just so nice to know the baby's okay.\"\u003cbr/\u003e37. SOUNDBITE: (English), Professor Kypros Nicoliades, Harris Birthright Centre, King's College Hospital, London \u003cbr/\u003e\"In pregnancies where the baby has Down's syndrome the amount of DNA from the baby that passes on, into the mother can be measured quite accurately with highly sophisticated techniques and in pregnancies where the baby has Down's there is a bit more of a DNA of a specific type from the baby that enters the mother's circulation and by measuring this DNA we can quite accurately tell that the baby does,or does not have Downs.\"\u003cbr/\u003e38. Close of Lee watching ultrasound \u003cbr/\u003e39. Wide of Lee and Worsey-Buck watching ultrasound\u003cbr/\u003ePregnant women who want a medical check to make sure the baby they're carrying doesn't have Down syndrome can now avoid the risk of miscarriages caused by invasive tests.\u003cbr/\u003eHong Kong scientists have developed a DNA blood test which is reputed to be so accurate that it drastically reduces the number of women who need such tests.\u003cbr/\u003ePhotographer Maria de Fatima Campos never considered having an amniocentesis.\u003cbr/\u003eShe and her husband have never regretted that decision.\u003cbr/\u003eTen years ago little Victoria was born with Down Syndrome.\u003cbr/\u003eThe effects of the condition varies considerably, but generally children with Down syndrome have delayed and slower mental and physical development.\u003cbr/\u003eA child with Down syndrome has distinct physical characteristics, such as the shape of the eye and nose, and there are also associated health problems.\u003cbr/\u003eVictoria is prone to chest infections, coughs and colds.\u003cbr/\u003eBut as far as her parents are concerned that's where the differences end.\u003cbr/\u003eShe's a happy, active and intelligent child.\u003cbr/\u003eShe has special needs because of her problems with learning, but she attends a normal school and each evening is packed with activities including drama, dancing, swimming.\u003cbr/\u003eTonight is one of the few in the week that she can take it a bit easy and she's challenged her parents to a game.\u003cbr/\u003eEach player has to draw a predetermined object and their opponents have to guess what it is.\u003cbr/\u003eVictoria is clearly used to the taste of success and she's the obvious light of her parent's lives.\u003cbr/\u003eMaria de Fatima Campos and husband Richard Davis are professional photographers and the shelves are strewn with photographs and books with pictures of Victoria's trips to her mother's homeland, Brazil.\u003cbr/\u003eCampos says \"that is life isn't it?  You never know, you have children you have all those plans and sometimes you hear so many stories about other people's children, so I'm very happy and proud of what I have.\"\u003cbr/\u003eShe says \"I wouldn't imagine life without Victoria. I can't imagine.\"\u003cbr/\u003eCampos and Davis are cautious when they hear about new tests which can reduce the number of children born with Down syndrome.\u003cbr/\u003eDavis welcomes any test which eliminates the risk of a miscarriage.\u003cbr/\u003eHe's also honorary secretary of the UK's Down Syndrome Association.\u003cbr/\u003eDavis says that of the amniocentesis caused miscarriages \" 75% of those children had nothing wrong with them, at all. So it's not something to be done lightly.\"\u003cbr/\u003eHe argues there is only one decision for a couple to make and that \"is whether they want a child, or not.\"\u003cbr/\u003eFor Campos and Davis there was never any issue to decide.\u003cbr/\u003eBut new developments are constantly transforming antenatal medicine.\u003cbr/\u003eThis London hospital is already using relatively new techniques which have reduced the number of invasive procedures carried out on pregnant women.\u003cbr/\u003ePherenice Worsley-Buck is 37 years old.\u003cbr/\u003eShe and her husband Mark Lee had a son five years ago.\u003cbr/\u003eBut getting pregnant a second time hasn't been so straightforward and they arrive anxious for the unborn baby's welfare. \u003cbr/\u003eWorsey-Buck is here to have her blood tested for protein and hormone levels.\u003cbr/\u003eThey're relying on the expertise of doctors to keep them as well informed as possible.\u003cbr/\u003eBecause Worsey-Buck is over 35, so she is automatically considered to be at a greater risk of carrying a baby with Down syndrome.\u003cbr/\u003eThis hospital, like many others around the world, calculates Down syndrome using certain statistics.\u003cbr/\u003eA teenage girl of 15 has a fractional 0.05% chance of having a baby with Down syndrome.\u003cbr/\u003eBy the time she's 50 years old her chances of carrying a baby with Down syndrome soar to 10%.\u003cbr/\u003eIt's becoming a very common problem.\u003cbr/\u003eMore and more women are pushing the age boundaries of fertility - choosing to delay having children, either to advance careers, or to delay the financial burden of children.\u003cbr/\u003eA fifth of every one thousand pregnant women, about 200, are now over 35 years old.\u003cbr/\u003eThat means about 200 will end up having amniocentesis.\u003cbr/\u003eUnfortunately the amniocentesis will cause a miscarriage in one per cent of these women. \u003cbr/\u003eAt King's College the result of the blood test is combined with the results of the scan.\u003cbr/\u003eStaff carefully measure the baby for any signs - a short nasal bone, and a thick neck in which an abnormal amount of fluid is collected.\u003cbr/\u003eBabies with Down syndrome tend to have a flat face, therefore their nasal bone is smaller.\u003cbr/\u003eThey have a thick neck so the fluid at the back of the neck is increased.\u003cbr/\u003eThey often have a hole in the heart, so the heart is often more leaky and the blood flow through the liver is changed. \u003cbr/\u003eThis combined scan and blood test at King's College was devised by Professor Kypros Nicoliades who is also spearheading a new techniques in embryonic surgery.\u003cbr/\u003eHe is frustrated by the fact that in many parts of the world, women over 35 are automatically thought to be at risk.\u003cbr/\u003eNicoliades argues this has led to two serious problems \"the first problem is that a lot of women have an amniocentesis and secondly the vast majority of babies with Down's actually come from the group of women who are not even offered an amniocentesis.\"\u003cbr/\u003eLess than an hour after her blood test Worsley-Buck and her husband prepare to get her results.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says \"first of all it (the problem) was fertility and whether, or not I could get pregnant and then the next step was whether it was a viable baby and as soon as we saw that heartbeat, so it's just a step at a time\".\u003cbr/\u003eThe couple says the tests are vital to informed decision making\".\u003cbr/\u003eThe news is good.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Professor points to a graph on the computer monitor.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says \"this white line, her chance of having a Down's baby goes up (points at screen) and because you are thirty seven, there is thirty seven (points at screen), when you came in the room your risk was quite high, which is one in 160, but because the scan was very good and the baby looked normal and the blood test was also good the risk has gone down now to one in three thousand.\"\u003cbr/\u003eHe points out the yellow line which shows Worsey-Buck \"your risk is less to become the same than when you were 15 years old.\"\u003cbr/\u003eFor this couple it's a huge relief and their dilemma has melted away.\u003cbr/\u003eFather-to-be Mark Lee says \"there's a tension, there's a build up you know to coming to hospital to having the tests to finally seeing the heart beat you know it's just so nice to know the baby's okay.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe procedure at King's College has already reduced the number of necessary amniocentesis.\u003cbr/\u003eBut even this programme leaves one in fifty women facing a decision of whether they should risk an amniocentesis.\u003cbr/\u003eNow Nicoliades has another tool at his disposal.\u003cbr/\u003eA new test which measures DNA.\u003cbr/\u003eIt's altogether more sophisticated and more importantly, it's even more  accurate.\u003cbr/\u003eSo far the test is only available at a laboratory in Hong Kong and blood samples have to be sent there for testing.\u003cbr/\u003eA time consuming and expensive process.\u003cbr/\u003eBut it means that for every fifty samples Nicoliades sends, only three to four women will end up having to risk a miscarriage through an amniocentesis. \u003cbr/\u003eProfessor Nicoliades says \"in pregnancies where the baby has Down's syndrome the amount of DNA from the baby that passes on, into the mother can be measured quite accurately with highly sophisticated\".\u003cbr/\u003eHe says the test works on the principal that \"in pregnancies where the baby has Down's there is a bit more of a DNA of a specific type from the baby that enters the mother's circulation\".\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to Nicoliades \"by measuring this DNA we can quite accurately tell that the baby does,or does not have Downs.\"\u003cbr/\u003eIt could be years before this DNA test becomes widely available.\u003cbr/\u003eBut it does mean that in the future many pregnant women will be spared the dilemma of an agonising decision: to risk having a child with Down syndrome, or risk the the chance of motherhood.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eCurator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan class=\"star-rating\" aria-label=\"3.5 out of 5 stars\" role=\"img\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star 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class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='additional-tags-heading'\u003eAdditional Tags\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='details-list keyterms' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator' data-type='keyterms'\u003echildren, imagine, lifestyle, people, problem, sexual and reproductive health, women\u0026#39;s health, diseases and conditions, united kingdom, games, baby, recreation and leisure, diagnostic tests, diagnostic imaging, mother, accurately, pregnancy loss, diagnosis and treatment, women, pregnancy and childbirth, decide, amniocentesis, good, downs, hear, child, risk, life, happy, step, high, health\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='keyterms-toggle-buttons' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' class='more btn-link' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-down ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='true' class='less btn-link' style='display: none;' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow Less\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-up ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='educator-ratings-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title sr-only' id='educator-ratings-heading'\u003eEducator Ratings\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"all-educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"educator-rating-form-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Show resource details' class='rp-show-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nShow resource 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class=\"resource-img img-thumbnail img-responsive z-10 lp-boclips-thumbnail w-full h-full lozad\" alt=\"A new test for Down syndrome\" title=\"A new test for Down syndrome\" onError=\"handleImageNotLoadedError(this)\" data-default-image=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" data-src=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" width=\"315\" height=\"220\" src=\"data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs\" /\u003e\n\u003cspan aria-hidden='true' class='flex justify-center items-center bg-white rounded-full w-16 h-16 absolute top-1/2 left-1/2 -mt-8 -ml-8 cursor-pointer z-0 border-2 border-primary drop-shadow-md lp-boclips-thumbnail-playBtn'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fa-solid fa-play text-primary text-3xl ml-1 drop-shadow-xl'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n"}