{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Primates try brain training with cognitive tests' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bbf0d8eafeecae128e35' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bbf0d8eafeecae128e35' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nPrimates try brain training with cognitive tests\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP Television Kyoto City - May 28th 2010.1. Various of chimpanzees.  2. Suzumi a female chimpanzee performing a test in which she identifies a simple numerical sequence. 3. Wide of the study room viewed from the public gallery. 4. Close...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eKyoto City - May 28th 2010.\u003cbr/\u003e1. Various of chimpanzees.  \u003cbr/\u003e2. Suzumi a female chimpanzee performing a test in which she identifies a simple numerical sequence. \u003cbr/\u003e3. Wide of the study room viewed from the public gallery. \u003cbr/\u003e4. Close up of monitor displaying the numbers on the touch screen panels.\u003cbr/\u003e5. Close up of Takashi, the male chimp in the group performing the tests. \u003cbr/\u003e6. SOUNDBITE (Japanese) Dr. Tanaka Masayuki, Associate Professor at Kyoto University's Wildlife Research Centre and resident researcher at Kyoto Municipal Zoo:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The actual content of the study, the method is the same as that conducted at PRI (Kyoto University Primate Research Institute.)  Through this methodology however, we are also looking at the chimpanzee's social intelligence.  Exactly when do they take turns to use the panels, what motivates the timing of a change. This is one of the main topics of our research.\"\u003cbr/\u003e7. Suzuimi and Koiko, the zoo's 2 female chimpanzees stop work at the panels during a display by the group's male, Takashi.  They resume when the display has finished. \u003cbr/\u003e8. SOUNDBITE (Japanese) Dr. Tanaka Masayuki, Associate Professor at Kyoto University's Wildlife Research Centre and resident researcher at Kyoto Municipal Zoo:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Because this is a zoo, the facility contains a variety of species.  Regarding primates as well as chimpanzees we have small apes like gibbons and also mandrills. This enables us to perform the same study on a number of different species within the same facility.  This is one of the major merits of conducting research within the zoo.\"\u003cbr/\u003e9.  Various of visitors watching Shiromati, a 26 year old male gibbon tapping out randomly placed numerical sequence on the touch screen panel. \u003cbr/\u003e10. SOUNDBITE: (Japanese)  Wada Seitaro, Zoo Keeper at Kyoto Municipal Zoo:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The general public are not normally aware of the work of researchers which normally takes place in universities and research facilities.  We hope that conducting the research in public increases interest in the animals.  For the researchers this has provided the opportunity of broadening understanding of what they are doing among the general public. From the zoo's perspective we are very pleased to have the opportunity in which the animals can demonstrate their ability and the capacity that they posses.\"\u003cbr/\u003e11. Various of a young male mandrill called Manmaru performing the touch panel tests.\u003cbr/\u003e12. Set up shot of Tada Sadaharu. \u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE (Japanese) Tada Sadaharu, visitor:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I had heard that chimpanzees had this kind of ability, but I am really surprised that a monkey can do this.\" \u003cbr/\u003e14. Various of Raman, a young female mandrill performing the touch panel tests.  \u003cbr/\u003e15. SOUNDBITE (Japanese) Dr. Tanaka Masayuki, Associate Professor at Kyoto University's Wildlife Research Centre and resident researcher at Kyoto Municipal Zoo:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The differences between the actual performances between species haven't been particularly significant.  Mandrills have also performed extremely well. Rather than chimpanzees performing well against mandrills it is easier to talk about the differences that have been demonstrated by individuals without regard to species.  What the tests do seem to suggest is differences in social interaction between the species.  Chimpanzees and mandrills seem very different in this respect.\"  \u003cbr/\u003e16. Various of Mangaro, the mandrill group's alpha male obstructing his children from performing the tests. \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eKyoto University Primate Research Institute, Inuyama City, Aiichi Prefecture March 22nd 2008  \u003cbr/\u003e17. Close up of Kyoto University Primate Research Institute name plate. \u003cbr/\u003e18. Various of Ayumu a young male chimpanzee, performing a memory test and receiving a food reward for a correct answer.  \u003cbr/\u003e19. Close up of researcher's note pad. \u003cbr/\u003e20. Various of Ayumu and his mother Ai performing tests in which the chimpanzees demonstrate their ability to memorise the correct Chinese characters for a range of colours.\u003cbr/\u003eBrain training games on touch screen mobile devices are very popular. \u003cbr/\u003eBut now primates at Kyoto Zoo are proving that you don't have to be human to possess cognitive skills. \u003cbr/\u003eWhen not relaxing in the sunshine or entertaining visitors with their climbing skills, Kyoto Municipal Zoo's three resident chimpanzees are doing brain puzzles.\u003cbr/\u003eFor more than a year now their daily routine has come to include a study period.\u003cbr/\u003eOnce - or twice a day if the weather is bad -  Susumi, Koiko and Takashi are invited to perform a series of cognition tests on touch screen monitors. \u003cbr/\u003eFree to decline participation if they choose, the chimpanzees have begun to learn numerical sequences.\u003cbr/\u003eNumbers between 1-8 are presented in random patterns on touch screen panels.\u003cbr/\u003eSmall pieces of apple are awarded to the chimpanzees when they tap out the correct sequences. \u003cbr/\u003eSimilar tests used to be carried out at the university's Primate Research Institute (PRI)\u003cbr/\u003eDr. Tanaka Masayuki is Kyoto University's resident researcher at the zoo.\u003cbr/\u003eHe explains that although the research follows methods developed at PRI, work being conducted at the zoo differs in two main respects.\u003cbr/\u003eFirst, the chimpanzees being tested perform the exercises in groups rather than individually.\u003cbr/\u003eThrough studying how the chimpanzees behave with one another while performing the tests Tanaka hopes this will provide insights into factors determining social interaction.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Exactly when do they take turns to use the panels, what motivates the timing of a change. This is one of the main topics of our research,\" he says. \u003cbr/\u003eThe other thing that differs from the work done at PRI is that the zoo contains a number of different primate species besides chimpanzees.\u003cbr/\u003e\"This enables us to perform the same study on a number of different species within the same facility.  This is one of the major merits of conducting research within the zoo,\" says Dr. Masayuki. \u003cbr/\u003eFrom the point of scientific enquiry the zoo suffers from the disadvantage that sample sizes are extremely small.\u003cbr/\u003eAge and other differences in the social composition of resident primate groups also present an obstacle to meaningful comparison between species.\u003cbr/\u003eHowever, Wada Seitaro, one of the zoo's senior keepers explains how the research is of interest to the general public. \u003cbr/\u003e\"The general public are not normally aware of the work of researchers which normally takes place in universities and research facilities.  We hope that conducting the research in public increases interest in the animals.  For the researchers this has provided the opportunity of broadening understanding of what they are doing among the general public. From the zoo's perspective we are very pleased to have the opportunity in which the animals can demonstrate their ability and the capacity that they posses,\" he says. \u003cbr/\u003eVisitors like Tada Sadaharu are usually surprised by what they see.\u003cbr/\u003e\"I had heard that chimpanzees had this kind of ability, but I am really surprised that a monkey can do this,\" he says.  \u003cbr/\u003eSo what kind of results is the research producing?\u003cbr/\u003eDo chimps perform better that mandrills or gibbons for example? \u003cbr/\u003eRather than demonstrating  differences in the cognitive capacity existing between species, Tanaka believes that the study to date suggests several differences in the way that the different species interact.\u003cbr/\u003e\"The differences between the actual performances between species haven't been particularly significant.  Mandrills have also performed extremely well. Rather than chimpanzees performing well against mandrills it is easier to talk about the differences that have been demonstrated by individuals without regard to species.  What the tests do seem to suggest is differences in social interaction between the species.  Chimpanzees and mandrills seem very different in this respect,\" he says.   \u003cbr/\u003eOne example would be the tension that the tests provoke between the zoo's resident mandrills that does not appear to exist between the chimpanzees and gibbons. \u003cbr/\u003eMangoro the alpha male and father to the zoo's two young mandrills Manmaru and his younger sister Raman, actively discourages his children from participating in the exercises.  \u003cbr/\u003eThe younger mandrills have shown far greater interest in and aptitude for the tests than their father.\u003cbr/\u003eMangoro does not appear to be pleased with his children's abilities. \u003cbr/\u003eHe is neither the first or last parent to stand in the way of gifted children, but for the time being it would seem that his offspring need to pursue their studies with caution. \u003cbr/\u003eAnd unlike their predecessors at PRI, they'll be performing for a much wider audience. \u003cbr/\u003ekeyword animals 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