{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Norwegian horse breeds threatened' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bbe0d8eafeecae1286a6' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bbe0d8eafeecae1286a6' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nNorwegian horse breeds threatened\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP Television Maura, December 17, 20111. Various shots of Nordlandshest/Lyngshest horse pulling cart2. Various shots of man riding Dole horse3. Set up shots of Hanne Fjerdingby Olsen, expert on Norwegian horse breeds4. SOUNDBITE:...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eMaura, December 17, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e1. Various shots of Nordlandshest/Lyngshest horse pulling cart\u003cbr/\u003e2. Various shots of man riding Dole horse\u003cbr/\u003e3. Set up shots of Hanne Fjerdingby Olsen, expert on Norwegian horse breeds\u003cbr/\u003e4. SOUNDBITE: (English) Hanne Fjerdingby Olsen, Expert on Norwegian horse breeds\u003cbr/\u003e\"The main problem I think for the Norwegian national breeds is that the market and the demand in the market is decreasing. I think that the Norwegian breeds are quite invisible in the market and many people don't even know that these are our national breedsm and so there's a lack of knowledge in the market.\"\u003cbr/\u003e5. Various shots of farmer pulling logs with Dole horse\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eSkotterud, December 12, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e6. Various shots of Fjording horses on farm\u003cbr/\u003e7. Set up shots of Knut Gustav Woie, town mayor\u003cbr/\u003e8. SOUNDBITE: (Norwegian) Knut Gustav Woie, Town Mayor:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The Fjord, the Nordlandshest, the Dole and the Kaldbloder are the symbol of the traditional Norwegian countryside. Especially the Fjords. We need to breed them to keep the genetic lines intact. Fjordings are for Norway what Icelandic horses are for Iceland. A very old horse breed dating back to the Vikings. We need to maintain them and tell farmers here in the countryside to have them even as hobby horses.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eMaura, December 17, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e9. Various shots of Nordlandshest/Lyngshest horses \u003cbr/\u003e10. Various shots of Nordlandshest/Lyngshest horses arriving at farm\u003cbr/\u003e11. SOUNDBITE: (Norwegian) Line Bjorkevold, owner of Nordlandshest/Lyngshest horses\u003cbr/\u003e\"I hope the stallions we have are used in their entirety so the genetic lines are well kept.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eSkotterud, December 12, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e12. Wide shot of farm\u003cbr/\u003e13. Various shots of Kaldblodstraver (cold-blooded trotter) horse being trimmed\u003cbr/\u003e14. Various shots of Kaldblodstraver horse being taken out of barn\u003cbr/\u003e15. Various shots of woman riding Kaldblodstraver horse\u003cbr/\u003eThe four Norwegian national horse breeds are under threat from inbreeding and poor state management.\u003cbr/\u003eA declining market is also threatening their future. \u003cbr/\u003eIn the long dark days of the Norwegian winter, these hardy horses keep working. \u003cbr/\u003eHorses were known to exist in Norway since the end of the last ice age. \u003cbr/\u003eTales of warriors galloping on big shire horses through the fjords and snowy woodlands of Scandinavia are common place in Viking literature.\u003cbr/\u003eThere are four Norwegian national horse breeds, Fjord, Nordland/Lyngen, Dole and the Kaldblodstraver (cold-blooded trotter).\u003cbr/\u003eCenturies of both managed and natural genetic interchange have resulted in these four unique breeds that traditionally have been used for transport and farming.\u003cbr/\u003eBut in recent decades as traditional agriculture gave way to mechanisation the purpose of owning a horse in Norway has changed from farming to sports and leisure.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd an increasing interest in equestrianism doesn't necessarily work to benefit local horse breeds.\u003cbr/\u003eA few years ago Professor Hanne Fjerdingby Olsen, a scientist from the University of Life Sciences (UMB), began a thesis on the fragile situation of the national Norwegian horse breeds \u003cbr/\u003eOlsen has a Ph.D in quantitative genetics and is a researcher at the UMB's Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences.\u003cbr/\u003e\"The main problem I think for the Norwegian national breeds is that the market and the demand in the market is decreasing. I think the Norwegian breeds are quite invisible in the market. And people don't even know that these are our national breeds.\" she says.\u003cbr/\u003eOlsen is currently involved in a project to protect the three smallest populations of the Norwegian breeds (Fjord, Nordland/Lyngen and Dole) on behalf of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food. \u003cbr/\u003eThe project aims to improve the standard of training and care of the horses and raise their profile through marketing. \u003cbr/\u003eIn the early years after the Second World War the total number of horses in Norway was approximately 200,000.\u003cbr/\u003eMost of these were Norwegian horse breeds. \u003cbr/\u003eIn the 1960's the number decreased dramatically and has been fluctuating somewhat, but from the early 1990's the number of born foals has decreased to at least half. \u003cbr/\u003eToday, the total number of Norwegian horses is 20,000 (including the cold-blooded trotter) and 10,000 for the three smallest breeds (Fjord: appr. 5000, Dole: appr. 3000-3500, Nordland/Lyngen: appr. 2000-2500), but the number of breeding females is  less than 200 in each breed.\u003cbr/\u003eThis is a Dole, the largest of the four breeds.\u003cbr/\u003eThe breed originated in south east Norway as a draught horse (load bearing horse) to carry tree logs and other heavy loads.\u003cbr/\u003eThere are approximately 3,500 Dole horses in Norway at present and 175 new foals are registered every year.\u003cbr/\u003eDole horses generally are 1.5 metre (60 inches) tall, 600 kilos (1.300 pounds) in weight and are usually brown or black in colour.\u003cbr/\u003eThey boast a heavy head with short and muscular neck and wide and strong chest and shoulders.\u003cbr/\u003eThey have a long and slightly sloping back supported by short and muscled legs and hard hooves.\u003cbr/\u003eFjord horses are perhaps the most traditional of the Norwegian horse breeds, originating in mountainous West Norway.\u003cbr/\u003eThor and Odin are two beautiful Fjord horses kept at this farm in Skotterud, a rural area not far from Oslo right next to the Swedish border.\u003cbr/\u003eThere are some 5,000 Fjord horses in Norway today of this breed. \u003cbr/\u003eHundreds of Fjord horses were exported during the last century for leisure and also military purposes.\u003cbr/\u003eIn total, there is about 70,000 Fjord horses abroad (Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, France, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland, USA and Canada). \u003cbr/\u003eThese horses are relatively small though very strong and are characteristic for their particular dun (tan) colour and straight mane.\u003cbr/\u003eFjords are considered one of the world's oldest breeds and was domesticated some 4,000 years ago.\u003cbr/\u003eViking archaeological excavations suggest that Fjord horses were selectively bred many centuries ago.\u003cbr/\u003eIts good and docile temperament helped this breed becoming a favourite leisure and sport horse.\u003cbr/\u003eFjord horses are small in size but strong enough to pull loads or carry an adult person.\u003cbr/\u003eThey have sturdy legs that support a compact and muscular body.\u003cbr/\u003eThey have a thick and long mane usually cropped in a characteristic crescent shape two to four inches tall.\u003cbr/\u003eThe average weight of a Fjord horse is 400 to 500 kilograms (880 to 1.100 pounds) and the height 1.4 metres (55 inches).\u003cbr/\u003eKnut Woie is the mayor of Skotterud.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says that local people should help preserve these Norwegian horses. \u003cbr/\u003e\"The Fjord, the Nordlandshest, the Dole and the Kaldbloder are the symbol of the traditional Norwegian countryside. Especially the Fjords. We need to breed them to keep the genetic lines intact. Fjordings are for Norway what Icelandic horses are for Iceland. A very old horse breed dating back to the Vikings. We need to maintain them and tell farmers here in the countryside to have them even as hobby horses.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe Nordlandshest/Lyngshest also known as the \"Northlands horse\" or \"Northlands pony\" is the smallest and rarest of the four Norwegian  national horse breeds. \u003cbr/\u003eThe breed known today originated in Lyngen but was given the name Nordlandshest/Lingshest in 1968 by breeders in that area of the country. \u003cbr/\u003eThis very old breed, was used by the Vikings, is the ancestor of the Icelandic horse and the two breeds share numerous similarities. \u003cbr/\u003eBy the mid 20th century the Nordlandshest breed was almost extinct with only about 15-20 left, mostly older mares, and only one stallion; Rimfakse,with whom all specimens from this breed today are related.\u003cbr/\u003eToday there are about 3000 registered horses, with 200 new births every year.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Nordlandshest/Lyngshest is the perfect horse for equestrian sports with a tranquil temperament that makes the ideal family horse. \u003cbr/\u003eIt is usually slightly larger than an Icelandic horse, standing between 1.2 to 1.4 metres (48 to 56 inches) tall. \u003cbr/\u003eLine Bjorkevold , a farmer in Maura, a farm town next to Oslo's airport owns two Nordlandshest.\u003cbr/\u003e \"I hope the stallions we have are used in their entirety so the genetic lines are well kept.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe cold-blooded trotter or Norsk Kaldblodstraver is the largest of the four populations with almost 10,000 animals and the least threatened of the four national breeds. \u003cbr/\u003eThe Dole and the cold-blooded trotter became two separate breeds during the second half of the 19th century. \u003cbr/\u003eAlthough there has been some exchange of genetic material, it is not desirable to mix these two breeds again, as they over decades are bred for different purposes of use.\u003cbr/\u003eProgrammed horse breeding in Norway dates back from the early 1800's. \u003cbr/\u003eNorwegian 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