{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Ways to collect all the space junk orbiting the earth' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bbc5d8eafeecae127918' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bbc5d8eafeecae127918' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nWays to collect all the space junk orbiting the earth\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eDate and location unknown1. Various space craft launches2. Animations of space debris (mute) AP Television Darmstadt Germany - May 20, 2014 3. Various of ESA campus 4. Mid tilt down on exterior of ESA Earth observation mission control...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eDate and location unknown\u003cbr/\u003e1. Various space craft launches\u003cbr/\u003e2. Animations of space debris (mute) \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eDarmstadt Germany - May 20, 2014 \u003cbr/\u003e3. Various of ESA campus \u003cbr/\u003e4. Mid tilt down on exterior of ESA Earth observation mission control room\u003cbr/\u003e5. Holger Krag, Deputy Head ESA Space Debris Office, (standing) looking at screens in control room\u003cbr/\u003e6. Various animations of space debris \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eDarmstadt Germany - May 20, 2014 \u003cbr/\u003e7. SOUNDBITE: (English) Holger Krag, Deputy Head ESA Space Debris Office: \u003cbr/\u003e\"Space debris will be everything that we launch today. One day it will be space debris. Most of the stuff that we call space debris today are satellites that have given up their function, so they've reached the end of their operational life. Rocket stages that once brought our satellites up in space and stayed in orbit, and the majority of objects up there are fragments. It's hard to understand why we have fragments up there but we do have fragmenting objects due to residual fuel and sometimes even due to conditions. And these fragments of course also stay in orbit for quite some time.\" \u003cbr/\u003e8. Wide of scientists in control room\u003cbr/\u003e9. Low mid shot of Holger Krag looking at computer monitors\u003cbr/\u003e10. Close shot of computer monitors\u003cbr/\u003e11. SOUNDBITE (English) Holger Krag, Deputy Head ESA Space Debris Office:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We monitor space debris from the ground, and it is a very difficult task to do, you need very powerful sensors. The US space strategic command is in possession of those sensors, it's a relic of the Cold War, to detect approaching missiles. And it is a global network of radar and telescope stations on the ground observing space continuously all of the time, and tracking and keeping track and monitoring roughly seventeen-thousand objects today.\"\u003cbr/\u003e12. Animation of space debris\u003cbr/\u003e13. Various helicopter wide shots of ground station in snow\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eDarmstadt Germany - May 20, 2014 \u003cbr/\u003e14. Wide pan left of staff in control room\u003cbr/\u003e15. SOUNDBITE (English) Holger Krag, Deputy Head ESA Space Debris Office: \u003cbr/\u003e\"This is really hard to imagine what is happening at this high velocity. In order to stay in orbit an object will have to be very fast, seven kilometres per second, that's twenty-eight-thousand kilometres in an hour. Unbelievable velocity. When two objects collide the velocity can be higher, thirty, forty-thousand kilometres in an hour. At this velocity both objects will shatter into pieces, this will be bad for the object concerned but it will also be bad for the rest of the environment because we will add additional fragments which again then are candidates for future collisions. So we are avoiding collisions not only for the health of our satellite, but also for the preservation of the environment in space.\"\u003cbr/\u003e16. Various Holger Krag showing the effect of an experiment in which a small ball hits a block simulating the impact of a space debris collision. UPSOUND (English) Holger Krag, Deputy Head ESA Space Debris Office:\u003cbr/\u003e\"And this is an aluminium block, the target, and you see the enormous effect that the impact of the aluminium sphere has. We see a large crater.\"\u003cbr/\u003e17. Zoom out from metal sphere\u003cbr/\u003e18. SOUNDBITE (English) Holger Krag, Deputy Head ESA Space Debris Office:\u003cbr/\u003e\"If you lose control of a spacecraft, which unfortunately happens from time to time, then there is nothing we can do in order to dispose of it, bring it out of the danger zone where the collisions will happen. In this case we are thinking about active removal. That means planning a mission that goes there, approaches, rendezvous and captures the object, berths it, and then does the controlled orbit manoeuvre. This is a very complex technology that will be required for that. We are looking at nets, throwing nets in order to capture the objects. We are looking at robotic arms to capture them.\" \u003cbr/\u003e20. Various animations showing possibilities for dealing with space debris\u003cbr/\u003eEver wondered what happens to all the satellites in space that stay up there, and don't come down? \u003cbr/\u003eNets, harpoons and suicide robots could be the ways that we go rubbish collecting in space in the future. \u003cbr/\u003eThis rocket is blasting off into space and won't come down. \u003cbr/\u003eIt's one of the thousands of pieces of debris floating around in space. \u003cbr/\u003eNow the European Space Agency in Germany is looking at ways to track down the space junk. \u003cbr/\u003eConcerns about the risk of space junk increased in 2007, when China's military shot down one of the country's defunct weather satellites in a show of force, inadvertently spraying orbit with thousands of pieces of debris.\u003cbr/\u003eHolger Krag, Deputy Head ESA Space Debris Office explains how rockets or fuel soon become debris. \u003cbr/\u003e\"Space debris will be everything that we launch today. One day it will be space debris. Most of the stuff that we call space debris today are satellites that have given up their function, so they've reached the end of their operational life. Rocket stages that once brought our satellites up in space and stayed in orbit, and the majority of objects up there are fragments. It's hard to understand why we have fragments up there but we do have fragmenting objects due to residual fuel and sometimes even due to conditions. And these fragments of course also stay in orbit for quite some time.\" \u003cbr/\u003eThe United States tracks around seventeen-thousands pieces of debris in space, Krag explains. \u003cbr/\u003e\"We monitor space debris from the ground, and it is a very difficult task to do, you need very powerful sensors. The US space strategic command is in possession of those sensors, it's a relic of the Cold War, to detect approaching missiles. And it is a global network of radar and telescope stations on the ground observing space continuously all of the time, and tracking and keeping track and monitoring roughly seventeen-thousand objects today.\"\u003cbr/\u003eExperts estimate that about 27,000 objects measuring 10 centimetres (4 inches) or more are flying through orbit at 80 times the speed of a passenger jet. \u003cbr/\u003eEach one of those could destroy a satellite. And even vastly smaller debris of the size of a pin prick (about 1 millimeter), of which there are about 160 million can render sensitive space instruments useless.\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is really hard to imagine what is happening at this high velocity. In order to stay in orbit an object will have to be very fast, seven kilometres per second, that's twenty-eight-thousand kilometres in an hour. Unbelievable velocity. When two objects collide the velocity can be higher, thirty, forty-thousand kilometres in an hour. At this velocity both objects will shatter into pieces, this will be bad for the object concerned but it will also be bad for the rest of the environment because we will add additional fragments which again then are candidates for future collisions. So we are avoiding collisions not only for the health of our satellite, but also for the preservation of the environment in space.\u003cbr/\u003eESA says it is technically feasible to send a satellite into space to capture objects with a net and harpoon.\u003cbr/\u003eNets, harpoons and suicide robots could become weapons of choice to hunt down the space junk threatening crucial communications satellites currently in orbit round Earth, scientists say. \u003cbr/\u003eEven lasers that act like \"Star Trek\" tractor beams were among the proposals put forward to protect some $100 billion worth of satellites from man-made cosmic garbage. \u003cbr/\u003eThe price tag for collecting the space junk will be costly, whatever system is used, experts say. \u003cbr/\u003eBut the cost is thought worthwhile in comparison to the risks involved with losing satellites necessary for defence and communications. \u003cbr/\u003eMore elaborate proposals could also work - these include a satellite firing electrically charged atoms or ions at an object to gradually slow it down and thereby drag it back to Earth.\u003cbr/\u003eGround-based lasers could be used in the same way, though only for very small objects. \u003cbr/\u003eFor larger objects like ESA's 18,000-pound (8,100-kilogram) Envisat, which broke down last year, a dedicated robot could be built which would be sent on a suicide mission to bring the satellite down safely. Such missions could cost up to $200 million each.\u003cbr/\u003eKrag says testing of new technologies for cleaning up space needs to start soon because the amount of junk spinning uncontrollably through orbit is growing.\u003cbr/\u003e\"If you lose control of a spacecraft, which unfortunately happens from time to time, then there is nothing we can do in order to dispose of it, bring it out of the danger zone where the collisions will happen. In this case we are thinking about active removal. That means planning a mission that goes there, approaches, rendezvous and captures the object, berths it, and then does the controlled orbit manoeuvre. This is a very complex technology that will be required for that. We are looking at nets, throwing nets in order to capture the objects. We are looking at robotic arms to capture them.\" \u003cbr/\u003e5-10 large objects need to be collected each year to prevent what is known as the Kessler Syndrome when a few major collisions trigger a cascade effect in which each crash vastly increases the amount of dangerous debris in orbit.\u003cbr/\u003eSo far, major collisions have been rare. \u003cbr/\u003eIn 2009, a private communications satellite called Iridium 33 smashed into the Russian military satellite Kosmos-2251, destroying both in the process. \u003cbr/\u003eScientists say it's only a matter of time before the next one occurs, and smaller debris may pose the biggest danger because they are harder to track.\u003cbr/\u003eClients are reminded: \u003cbr/\u003e(i) to check the terms of their licence agreements for use of content outside news programming and that further advice and assistance can be obtained from the AP Archive on: Tel +44 (0) 20 7482 7482 Email: info@aparchive.com. \u003cbr/\u003e(ii) they should check 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