{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Flood damage to Thailand\u0026#39;s temple heritage' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bb83d8eafeecae1259e6' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bb83d8eafeecae1259e6' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nFlood damage to Thailand\u0026#39;s temple heritage\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP TelevisionAyutthaya, Thailand - November 15, 20111. Various of the chapel of Mongkolbophit Temple Bangkok, Thailand - November 2, 20112. SOUNDBITE (English) Monthira Horayangura Unakul, Culture Programme Officer, UNESCO:\"The site for...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eAyutthaya, Thailand - November 15, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e1. Various of the chapel of Mongkolbophit Temple \u003cbr/\u003eBangkok, Thailand - November 2, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e2. SOUNDBITE (English) Monthira Horayangura Unakul, Culture Programme Officer, UNESCO:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The site for the city was selected at the confluence of three rivers, precisely for its strategic location and also to allow access to a hinterland of rice paddies which would be always well irrigated. And so because of that, the city is very much based on water, and the primarily means of transport in the old days was, of course, on the water, both on the rivers as well as canals.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAyutthaya, Thailand - November 15, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e3. Tilt down Mongkolbophit Temple \u003cbr/\u003e4. Mid of the temple\u003cbr/\u003e5. Close of foundation walls\u003cbr/\u003e6. Various of water at the foot of the temple \u003cbr/\u003eBangkok, Thailand - November 2, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e7. SOUNDBITE (English) Tim Curtis, head of culture unit, UNESCO, Bangkok:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have several concerns, I think, which are: the amount of water that has been, for sustained periods, on the site and under which the monuments have been submerged and the affects that that will have on these monuments when it drains off.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAyutthaya, Thailand - November 15, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e8. Wide of elephants at Ayutthaya elephants village \u003cbr/\u003e9. Various of elephants eating \u003cbr/\u003e10. SOUNDBITE (Thai) Witthaya Pewpong, Ayutthaya Governor \u003cbr/\u003e\"From our primary inspection, in terms of the damage to the structure, there was some at Chaiwattanaram Temple, one of the walls collapsed because of the current. Other than that no crack or damage was detected. As soon as we clean up, they will return to their previous condition.\" \u003cbr/\u003e11. Mid of elephant eating\u003cbr/\u003e12. Wide of temple\u003cbr/\u003e13. Mid of sun shining through leaves\u003cbr/\u003e14. Mid of door to temple\u003cbr/\u003e15. Wide of road leading under the welcome gate to the city of Ayutthaya\u003cbr/\u003e16. Sign reading \"Ayutthaya city\" on the welcome gate\u003cbr/\u003e17. Wide of traffic\u003cbr/\u003eBangkok, Thailand - November 5, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e18. SOUNDBITE (Thai) Anek Sihamat, Deputy Director-General of Thai government's Fine Arts Department:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The situation obviously with just the sea level can leave the water. It takes a high technology to lift this water - like Venice, like in Chinese cities.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAyutthaya, Thailand - November 15, 2011\u003cbr/\u003e19. Various of reclining Buddha in the compound of Lokayasutha Temple \u003cbr/\u003e20. Various of tourists looking at the Buddha, taking photographs\u003cbr/\u003e21. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Juan Carlos Valenzuela, 60, tourist from Chile:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I come here because I heard that Ayutthaya is a World Heritage Site, so I wanted to come here. I also heard there was flooding and saw in the news in my country the city was flooded, so I want to come and see with my own eyes now it's dry.\" \u003cbr/\u003e22. Wide of reclining Buddha\u003cbr/\u003e23. Close of dead fish lying on the dried up ground beside the Buddha\u003cbr/\u003eThe most severe flooding to hit Thailand in decades caused chaos throughout the country, with many areas declared disaster zones.\u003cbr/\u003eOne of Thailand's most sacred sites, the historic former capital Ayutthaya, is just beginning to dry out, giving experts a first chance to assess the damage to temples, monasteries and other religious structures.\u003cbr/\u003eThe ancient temples of Thailand's former royal capital have at last begun to dry out, after being hit by the worst flooding in decades.\u003cbr/\u003eThe flood disaster affected nearly one third of the country, dragging on for months and killing more than 500 people nationally.\u003cbr/\u003eThe water may have drained away from Ayutthaya, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, but experts fear long term damage from the floods.\u003cbr/\u003eAt least half of the 200 waterlogged monasteries, fortresses and other monuments in the 700-year-old royal capital may have been damaged.\u003cbr/\u003eBut the location for the royal city was chosen precisely because of the proximity to water, says Monthira Horayangura Unakul of UNESCO:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The site for the city was selected at the confluence of three rivers, precisely for its strategic location and also to allow access to a hinterland of rice paddies which would be always well irrigated. And so because of that, the city is very much based on water, and the primarily means of transport in the old days was, of course, on the water, both on the rivers as well as canals.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe head of UNESCO's culture unit, Tim Curtis, is worried about the long term effects of the water:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have several concerns, I think, which are: the amount of water that has been, for sustained periods, on the site and under which the monuments have been submerged and the affects that that will have on these monuments when it drains off.\"\u003cbr/\u003eWith water up to a depth of 10 feet (3 metres) flooding the area for weeks, there is concern that the foundations of larger structures may have been undermined, and bricks, plasterwork and murals damaged by water and salt residues.\u003cbr/\u003eLocal government officials, on the other hand, are keen to play down talk of damage.\u003cbr/\u003eWitthaya Pewpong is the Governor of Ayutthaya:\u003cbr/\u003e\"From our primary inspection, in terms of the damage to the structure, there was some at Chaiwattanaram Temple, one of the walls collapsed because of the current. Other than that no crack or damage was detected. As soon as we clean up, they will return to their previous condition.\" \u003cbr/\u003eAnek Sihamat, Deputy Director-General of the Thai government's Fine Arts Department, says the water will never go away for good and the city needs to learn how to live with water as they did in the old times.\u003cbr/\u003eHe recommends digging up old canals that have been paved over for roads and curbing the urban sprawl and industrial parks that block the natural runoff of water.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Ayutthaya provincial government says a dam has been proposed to shield the historic area while flooding would be eased by setting aside a large, construction-free area of the nearby countryside to absorb excess water.\u003cbr/\u003eThe surge of water from the northern highlands, which began in late July and has killed more than 520 people, is the worst since the 1940s, although Ayutthaya experiences flooding almost every monsoon season.\u003cbr/\u003eInternational experts are expected to assess damage and determine what will be needed to revive and protect the city, which was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1991.\u003cbr/\u003eAdvisers from Venice and the Netherlands, two cities built on water, are prepared to come, while several countries, including Germany and Japan, have provided or promised funds. An estimated USD 20 million dollars will be needed according to the Fine Art Department.\u003cbr/\u003eOne of the problems is a running battle between heritage and municipal authorities, often allied with business interests.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Fine Arts Department controls development in the core historic area of some 1.2 square miles (3 square kilometres), where no structures more than 26 feet (8 metres) are permitted. But it has little power in outlying zones, which include numerous important monuments and where modern buildings have sprouted next to graceful relics of the past.\u003cbr/\u003eMost immediately, however, heritage authorities are focused on restoring flood damage.\u003cbr/\u003eVisitor facilities and once grassy areas emerging as a sea of mud will need to be repaired at what is one of the country's top tourist destinations.\u003cbr/\u003eAyutthaya was capital of a powerful state for 417 years, from the mid-14th century until the mid-18th century. Over time it was the seat of 33 kings.\u003cbr/\u003eIt has been described as one of the greatest ever cities on water, with a canal network of more than 85 miles (140 kilometres).\u003cbr/\u003eBuilt on the flood plain of central Thailand, at the junction of three rivers, Ayutthaya was inundated annually.\u003cbr/\u003eBut the citizens were used to floods, living in houses raised on stilts and using boats for transport, much like the Italian city of Venice today.\u003cbr/\u003eWater also helped defend Ayutthaya, which once held as many as 1 million residents.\u003cbr/\u003eAfter a brutal sacking by the Burmese in 1767 the capital was relocated to Bangkok, 50 miles (80 kilometres) to the south - where the same floodwaters that inundated Ayutthaya still threaten the inner city.\u003cbr/\u003eModern day Ayutthaya has so far not impressed with its urban management.\u003cbr/\u003eThe city of 82,000 people is mushrooming and has bid to host World Expo 2020. \u003cbr/\u003eFour years ago, 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