{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='A look at the urban farming projects which supplies 350,000 jobs' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bb70d8eafeecae1250cb' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bb70d8eafeecae1250cb' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nA look at the urban farming projects which supplies 350,000 jobs\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003e1. Wide of man working in urban farm2. Close up of hands harvesting radishes3. Zoom out from radishes to man harvesting4. Mid of spinach in ground5. Pan right urban farm in Miramar neighbourhood, Havana6. Mid of men working in field7....\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003e1. Wide of man working in urban farm\u003cbr/\u003e2. Close up of hands harvesting radishes\u003cbr/\u003e3. Zoom out from radishes to man harvesting\u003cbr/\u003e4. Mid of spinach in ground\u003cbr/\u003e5. Pan right urban farm in Miramar neighbourhood, Havana\u003cbr/\u003e6. Mid of men working in field\u003cbr/\u003e7. Close up of harvesting\u003cbr/\u003e8. SOUNDBITE: (Spanish) Orlando Zuniga, urban farmer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"More than anything, we provide fresh products. As our slogan says: \"From the Garden to the Table\". There's no need to transport from long distances; not from the farm here. This is from here straight to the people.\"\u003cbr/\u003e9. Wide of urban plantation with city buildings in background\u003cbr/\u003e10. Mid of kiosk selling vegetables at urban farm\u003cbr/\u003e11. Close up of sign reading in Spanish: \"From the Garden to the Table\"\u003cbr/\u003e12. Reverse of woman selling vegetables at kiosk\u003cbr/\u003e13. Mid of woman selling vegetables at kiosk\u003cbr/\u003e14. Close up of vegetables on kiosk shelves\u003cbr/\u003e15. SOUNDBITE: (Spanish) Roberto Perez, urban farmer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The area used to be a trash dump for garbage and construction materials; rubbish from all the neighbours that surround us. Starting in 1992, due to the harsh economic conditions, we converted it in the urban farm it is today and it is .18 hectares in size.\"\u003cbr/\u003e16. Wide of men tilling land in urban farm in Playa neighbourhood, Havana\u003cbr/\u003e17. Mid of men tilling land in urban farm\u003cbr/\u003e18. SOUNDBITE: (Spanish) Yaritza Moya, urban farmer:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We produce between 10 and 14 tons of vegetables per month for the consumption of the people in our municipality and others. If it weren't for this farm, this place would be just a garbage dump and unproductive. It would yield no benefit to the people.\"\u003cbr/\u003e19. Mid of man raking land\u003cbr/\u003e20. Close up of lettuce crop \u003cbr/\u003eCuba's urban farming programme has been a stunning, and surprising, success. \u003cbr/\u003eThe farms, many of them on tiny plots, now supply much of Cuba's vegetables. \u003cbr/\u003eThey also provide 350,000 jobs nationwide with relatively high pay and have transformed eating habits in a nation accustomed to a less-than-ideal diet of rice and beans and canned goods from Eastern Europe.\u003cbr/\u003eFrom 1989-93, Cubans went from eating an average of 3,004 calories a day to only 2,323, according to the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation, as shelves emptied of the Soviet goods that made up two-thirds of Cuba's food. \u003cbr/\u003eToday, they eat 3,547 calories a day, more than what the U.S. government recommends for American citizens.\u003cbr/\u003eFor Orlando Zuniga, the global food crisis arrived two decades ago. \u003cbr/\u003eNow, his efforts to climb out of it could serve as a model for people around the world struggling to feed their families.\u003cbr/\u003eZuniga was a communications engineer, living a solidly middle-class existence, when the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the halt of its subsidised food shipments to Cuba, effectively cut his government salary to almost nothing. \u003cbr/\u003eSuddenly, a trip to the grocery store was out of reach.\u003cbr/\u003eSo he quit his job, and under a programme championed by then-Defence Minister Raul Castro, asked the government for the right to farm with his neighbours an overgrown lot near his Havana home that had become an impromptu trash dump. \u003cbr/\u003eNow, he and his neighbours tend rows of tomatoes, lettuce, radishes and spinach and sell the produce at a stall on a busy street in Havana's fashionable Miramar neighbourhood.\u003cbr/\u003eThe savings generated by urban farming are clear in a country struggling with transportation problems.\u003cbr/\u003e\"As our slogan says: \"From the Garden to the Table\". There's no need to transport from long distances; not from the farm here. This is from here straight to the people\", said Zuniga.\u003cbr/\u003eNeighbours are happy with cheap vegetables fresh from the field. \u003cbr/\u003eZuniga never lacks for fresh produce, and he can make many times more than the average government salary of 19 dollars.\u003cbr/\u003eAnother urban farmer, sees it as a clever use of wasteland.\u003cbr/\u003e\"We produce between 10 and 14 tons of vegetables per month for the consumption of the people in our municipality and others. If it weren't for this farm, this place would be just a garbage dump and unproductive. It would yield no benefit to the people,\" Yaritza Moya says.\u003cbr/\u003eOf course, urban farms might not be such a success in a healthy, competitive economy.\u003cbr/\u003eAs it is, productivity is low at Cuba's large, state-run farms where workers lack incentives. \u003cbr/\u003eGovernment-supplied rations, mostly imported from the U.S., provide such staples as rice, beans and cooking oil, but not fresh produce. \u003cbr/\u003eImporters bring in only what central planners want, so the market doesn't correct for gaps. \u003cbr/\u003eAnd since most land is owned by the state, developers are not competing for the vacant lots that can become plots for vegetables.\u003cbr/\u003eStill, experts say the basic idea behind urban farming has a lot of promise.\u003cbr/\u003eOther countries have experimented with urban farming, Cuba's initial steps were modelled after a green belt surrounding Shanghai. \u003cbr/\u003eBut nowhere has urban farming been used so widely to transform the way a country feeds itself.\u003cbr/\u003eNow that Raul Castro is president, many expect him to expand the program he began as an experiment in the early 1990s.\u003cbr/\u003eOne of the first plots he opened was the \"organoponico\" on Fifth Avenue and 44th Street in ritzy Miramar neighbourhood where Zuniga works. \u003cbr/\u003eThe half-block farm, owned by a government agency, is surrounded by apartment buildings and houses, but also offices of foreign companies, a Spanish bank and the South African Embassy.\u003cbr/\u003eLong troughs brim with spinach, radishes and basil, and few of the 20,000 square feet are wasted.\u003cbr/\u003eOne technician tends compost that serves as natural fertiliser, while another handles natural protection from pests, surrounding delicate spinach shoots with strong-smelling celery to ward off insects. \u003cbr/\u003eSuch measures have ecological benefits but were born of necessity: neither commercial fertiliser nor herbicide is reliably available.\u003cbr/\u003eKey to the operation is something once unheard of in Cuba: 80 percent of the profits go straight to the workers' pockets, providing them an average of 71 US dollars a month.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eCurator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan 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